The effects of humidity, ageing, annealing, and tensile loads on the torsional damping properties of wool fibers have been measured. The torsional damping increased with humidity and decreased with ageing and annealing. Wetting removed the effects of ageing and annealing, and no residual change to the fiber torsion properties was retained after annealing and wetting. Torsional damping in Merino fibers was very sensitive to applied stress and tensile loading produced changes in torsional damping similar to the de-aging effects of wetting. This effect suggests that high torsional damping following tensile stress is related to mechanical de-aging of the matrix in the wool fiber.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Algie, J.E., Linear-Relaxation Phenomena in Wool and Horn, J. Textile Inst.73, 153-168 (1982).
2.
Chapman, B.M. , A Review of the Mechanical Properties of Keratin Fibers, J. Textile Inst.60, 181-207 (1969).
3.
Chapman, B.M. , The Rheological Behavior of Keratin during the Aging Process, Rheol. Ada14, 466-470 (1975).
4.
de Jong, S., Mechanisms of Aging and Relaxation in Wool Fibers, in " Proc. Japan-Australia Joint Symposium of Objective Specification of Fabric Quality, Mechanical Properties and Performance," S. Kawabata, R. Postle, and M. Niwa, Eds., 1983, pp, 155-167.
5.
Feughelman, M. , A Two Phase Structure for Keratin Fibers, Textile Res. J.29, 223-228 (1959).
6.
Feughelman, M., Basic Wool Physics, in "Proc. 6th Int. Wool Text. Res. Conf., Pretoria," vol. 11, ( 1980) pp. 35-57.
7.
Feughelman, M., and Robinson, M.S., SomeMechanical Properties of Wool Fibers in the "Hookean" Region from Zero to 100% Relative Humidity, Textile Res. J.41, 469-471( 1971).
8.
Hayes, R.L., and Phillips, D.G., Improvements in the Wrinkling Behavior of Annealed Wool Fabrics after Steam Pressing, Textile Res. J.51, 466-471 (1981).
9.
Katz, H.J., Wrinkling Behavior of Wool Fabrics, Part I: A Multiple Pleat Test, Textile Res. J.36, 874-887 (1966).
10.
Mackay, B.H. , and Downes, J.G., TheEffects of the Sorption Process on the Dynamic Rigidity Modulus of the Wool Fiber, J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2, 32-38 (1959).
11.
Menefee, E. , and Yee, G., Thermally-Induced Structural Changes in Wool , Textile Res. J.35, 801-812 (1965).
12.
Meredith, R. , Rigidity, Moisture and Fiber Structure, J. Textile Inst.48, T163-T174 ( 1957).
13.
Neilson, L.E., Mechanical Properties of Polymers and Composites, vol. I, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1974.
14.
Nordon, P., A Damping Maximum in the Free Torsional Oscillation of Wool Fibers, J. Appl. Polym. Sci.7, 341-346 (1963).
15.
Phillips, D.G. , Detection of a Glass Transition Temperature in Wool by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Textile Res. J.55, 171-174 (1985).
16.
Rigby, B.J. , Mitchell T.M., and Robinson , M.S., Changes with Time in the Mechanical Properties of Wool Fibers, J. Macromol. Sci. Phys.B10, 255-269 (1974).
17.
Rigby, B.J. , and Robinson, M.S., TheAging of Single Wool Fabrics while Part of a Cloth, J. Textile Inst.64, 735-738 (1973).
18.
Struik, L.C.E. , Physical Aging in Amorphous Polymers and Other Materials, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1978.
19.
Taylor, D.S. , TheWrinkling Behaviour of Wool Fabrics: The Effect of Annealing Parameters, J. Textile Inst.64, 405-411 (1973).
20.
Watt, I.C., TheInfluence of Air on the Properties of Heated Wool, J. Textile Inst.66, 198-200 (1975).
21.
Wortman, F.J. , Rigby, B.J., and Phillips , D.G., GlassTransition Temperature of Wool as a Function of Regain, Textile Res. J.54, 6-8 (1984).
