Measuring fiber strength in cotton encompasses sampling, fiber preparation, and bundle clamping. The precision of the measurement is a function of these steps as well as the precision of measuring the force and mass of each bundle under test. A detailed analysis of each step in the tenacity testing sequence is presented here. Com parisons between newly developed high volume instruments and conventional methods (Pressley and Stelometer) show that the conventional methods are biased toward the long, strong fibers in a cotton, whereas the high speed instruments use less accurate, indirect methods to measure bundle mass and produce a force measurement that is confounded by differences in fiber crimp.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
American Society for Testing Materials, Committee D-13 on Textile Materials, ASTM Designations (a) 1445-75, (b) 1776-79.
2.
Bargeron, J.D. , Preliminary Investigation of the Length Measurement of Cotton Fibers with the Peyer Texlab System: Comparability and Repeatability , Textile Res. J. (in press).
3.
Brown, H.M., A Pneumatic Method of Measuring Cotton Fiber Staple Length, Textile Res. J.38, 516-520 (1958).
4.
Carpenter, F. , and Shanklin, E.H., Fibrosampler Evaluation: Specimen Preparation of Raw and Processed Cotton and Comparison with Other Techniques, Textile Bull. 92 (1), 33-39 (1966).
5.
Graham, J.S. , and Carpenter, F., Evaluation of a New Air Device for the Measurement of Cotton Fiber Length and Length Uniformity, Cotton Gin Oil Mill Press64 (9), 36-38 (1963).
6.
Grant, J.N., and Morlier, O.W., Relation of Specific Strength of Cotton Fibers to Fiber Length and Testing Method, Textile Res. J.18 (8), 481-487 (1948).
7.
Hertel, K.L. , A Method of Fiber Length Analysis Using the Fibrograph, Textile Res. J.10, 510-525 (1940).
8.
Lawson, R., Ramey, H.H., Jr., and Krowicki, R.S. , Cotton Fiber Tenacity and Elongation in Rapidly Changing Humidity, Textile Res. J. 46, 715-719 (1976).
9.
Lyons, D.W., Seabolt, J.A., and Graham, J.S., TheDielectric Properties of Various Cotton Varieties, Textile Res. J.43, 110-115 (1973).
10.
Meredith, R. , Textile Fibers: Tensile Behavior, J. Textile Inst.36, 107-130 (1945).
11.
Morton, W.E., and Hearle, J.W.S., "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers," The Textile Institute, Butterworth and Company, London, 1962, p. 333-375.
12.
Morlier, O.W. , Orr, R.S., and Grant, J.N., TheRelation of Length to Other Physical Properties of Cotton Fibers, Textile Res. J.21, 6-13 (1951).
13.
Peirce, F.T. , TensileTest for Cotton Yams, V: Theorems on the Strength of Long and of Composite Specimen, J. Textile Inst.17, T355-368 (1926).
14.
Somashekhar, T.H., Narasimham, T., Kulshreshtha, A.K., and Dweltz, N.E., Analysis of Cotton Fiber Maturity, III: A Study of Breaking Load Distribution of Single Fibers, J. Appl. Polym. Sci.21, 1519-1529 (1977 ).
15.
Spinlab Investigation and Evaluation of Three Systems of Measuring the Mass of a Bundle of Cotton Fibers Arranged in a Pressley Type Beard, USDA contract (12-14-100-10345-51) 1971.
16.
Tallant, J.D. , Fiori, L.A., and Legendre , D.C., TheEffect of the Short Fibers in a Cotton on its Processing Efficiency and Product Quality, Textile Res. J.29, 687-695 (1959).
17.
Taylor, R.A., Measurement of Cotton Fiber Tenacity on 1/8 Gage HVI Tapered Bundles, Trans. ASME, J. Eng. Ind.104, 169-174 (1982).
18.
Taylor, R.A., A Segmented Fiber Sampler for High Volume Instrument Testing, in " Proc. Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conference," National Cotton Council, Memphis, TN, 1981, pp. 243-246.
19.
Wakeham, H. , and Spicer, N., The Strength andWeakness of Cotton Fibers, Textile Res. J.25, 585-591 (1955).
20.
Worley, S., Jr., and Krowicki, R.S. , Quality Control in Fiber Testing, Textile Bull.94 (3), 1-4 (1968).
