The relation between the glass transition temperature and the water content of wool can be described by the Fox equation. Data on transitions from a wide range of sources, including mechanical, dielectric, and calorimetric measurements, are well described by the equation. The utility of the relation for understanding and interpreting experiments on the wrinkle recovery of wool fabrics is shown.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Algie, J.E., TheMeasurement of Regain of Wool by Electrical Capacity-Type Moisture Meters, Effect of Temperature on the Dielectric Constant of Wool, Textile Res. J.34, 1026-1031 (1964).
2.
Booij, H.C., and Palmen, J.H.M., Viscoelasticity of ABS Samples Differing in Thermal History, Polym. Eng. Sci.18, 781-787 (1978).
3.
Ferry, J.D., "Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers," J. Wiley & Sons, New York, 1961.
4.
Fox, T.G., Influence of Diluent and of Copolymer Composition on the Glass Temperature of a Polymer System, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc.1, 123 (1956).
5.
Haly, A.R., and Feughelman, M., Physical Properties of Wool Fibers at Various Regains, Part II: Recovery from Extension, Textile Res. J.31, 135-140 (1961).
6.
Haly, A.R., and Snaith, J.W., Specific Heat Studies of Various Wool-Water Systems, Biopolymers6, 1355-1377 (1968).
7.
Menefee, E., and Yee, G., Thermally-Induced Structural Changes in Wool, Textile Res. J.35, 801-812 (1965).
8.
O'Brien, F.E.M. , The Control of Humidity by Saturated Salt Solutions , J. Sci. Instrum. Phys. Ind.25, 73-76 ( 1948).
9.
Rigby, B.J., and Robinson, M.S., TheAgeing of Single Wool Fibres while Part of a Cloth, J. Textile Inst.12, 735-738 (1973).
10.
Struik, L.C.E. , "Physical Aging in Amorphous Polymers and Other Materials," Elsevier, Amsterdam , 1978.
11.
Sugisaki, M. , Suga, H., and Saki, S., Calorimetric Study of the Glassy State IV, Heat Capacities of Glassy Water and Cubic Ice, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn.41, 2591-2599 ( 1968 ).
12.
Sung, Y.K., Gregonis, D.E., Russell, G.A., and Andrade, J.D., Effect of Water and Tacticity on the Glass Transition Temperature of Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), Polymer19, 1362-1363 (1978).
13.
Taylor, D.S. , TheWrinkling Behaviour of Wool Fabrics: The Effect of Annealing Parameters , J. Textile Inst.64, 405-411 (1973).
14.
Tan, Y.Y., and Challa, G., TheGlass-Transition Temperature of Poly (N-Vinyl Pyrrolidone) and the Effect of Water, Polymer17, 739-740 (1976).
15.
Watt, I.C., and D'Arcy, R.L., Water-Vapour Adsorption Isotherms of Wool, J. Textile Inst.70, 298-307 (1979).
