The solubility and dyeing characteristics of a series of new disperse azo dyes containing a pyridine ring were determined in a series of solvents at 85°C and 95°C. Ring substitutents in the dyes were also found to affect the solubility and dyeing characteristics of the dyes. The dyes had improved partition coefficients in perchloro ethylene at 121°C compared to dyes with a phenyl ring.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Andres, R.J. , and Reith, J.E., DyeingFabrics Under Pressure, Am. Dyest. Rep.42, 35-37( 1953).
2.
Datye, K.V., Pitkar, S.C., and Parao, U.M., Studies in Dyeing from Organic Solvents, Textilveredlung6, 593-615 (1971).
3.
Farrell, F.J. , and May, C.W., A Method of Dry Dyeing, J. Soc. Dyers Colour.24, 40-49 (1908).
4.
Furness, W., and Rayment, J., Some Practical Experiences in Solvent Dyeing, J. Soc. Dyers Colour.87, 514-520 (1971).
5.
Gebert, K., The Dyeing of Polyester Textile Fabric in Perchloroethylene by Exhaust Process , J. Soc. Dyers Colour.87, 509-513 (1971).
6.
Gur-Adrich, Z., Ph.D. Thesis, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Polymer and Fibre Science Department, U.K., 1973.
7.
Harris, F.O., "Experimental Study of the Application of the Solubility Parameter Concept to Solvent Dyeing," Ph.D. Thesis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, U.S.A., 1974.
8.
Harris, F.O. , and Guion, T.H., A. NewApproach to Solvent Dyeing with Non-ionic Dyes, Textile Res. J.42, 626-627 (1972).
9.
Harris, F.O. , and Guion, T.H., Guide to Solvent, Dye Selection for Non-aqueous Dyeing Process, Mod. Textile, 19-20 and 33 (February 1974); Solvent and Dye Selection for Non-aqueous Dyeing, Colourage, 39-41 (November 1973); Solvent Selection for Non-aqueous Dyeing, A.A.T.C.C. Symposium Textile Solvent Technology Update '73, 163-174 (January 10, 1973).
10.
Hashimoto, I., Studies of Solvent Dyeing. Part I: Behavior of Disperse Dyes when Dyeing Synthetic Fibers in Organic Solvents, J. Textile Mach. Soc. Jpn.21 (No. 3), 78-85 (1975).
11.
Hildebrand, D., Astazon Dyeing from Chlorinated Hydrocarbons , Int. Dyer143 (2), 120-121 (1970).
12.
Hofstetter, H.H., TheApplication of Organic Solvents in Textile Wet-Processing and Finishing: I—Literature on the Possible Applications of Solvents in the Dyeing and Finishing of Cellulosic Materials, Melliand Textilber.50, 321-334 (1969).
Ibe, E.C., The Solubility Parameter Concept Applied to Disperse Dyeing of Polymers , J. App. Polym. Sci.14, 837-846 (1970).
15.
Kissa, E., Quantitative Determination of Dyes in Textile Fibers, Part II: Nonionic Dyes in Polyester, Polyamide Acrylic, Acetate, and Cellulosic Substrates, Textile Res. J.45, 290-295 (1975).
Kuroki, N., and Konishi, K., The Relation Between Structure of Disperse Dyes and Their Dyeing Characteristics on Synthetic Fibers, Bull. Univ. Osaka Prefect. Ser. A 4, 123-138 (1956).
18.
Milicevic, B., The Use of Non-aqueous Solvents in Coloration and Textile Processing: I—Literature Survey, Rev. Prog. Colour.1, 49-52 (1970).
19.
Milicevic, B., Solvent Dyeing: Theory and Practice, Textile Chem. Color. 2, 87-98 (1970).
20.
Milicevic, B. , "Dyeing From Solvents," Journal ofSociety of Dyers and Colourists, 87, 503-508 (1971).
21.
Remington, W.R., and Schnler, M.J., "Mechanisms of Absorption of Nonionic Dyes by Polyethylene Terephthalate," Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc.16, 201-209 (1954).
22.
Raheja, S.L. , M.Sc. Thesis, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Polymer and Fibre Science Department, U.K. (1976).
23.
Shipman, A.J. , The Use of Non-aqueous Solvents in Textile Processing, Rev. Prog. Colour.2, 42-50 (1971).
24.
Siddiqui, S.A. , "A Study of the Application of Solubility Parameter Consideration in the Solvent Dyeing of Polyethylene Terephthalate," Ph.D. Thesis, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, (UMIST) U.K. (1977 ).
25.
Siddiqui, S.A. , Studies of Solvent Dyeing. Part I: Preparation of Disperse Dyes and Determination of Their Solubility Parameters, Textile Res. J.51, 527-533 (1981).
26.
Sieber, J.H. , Machine and Process Development for Solvent Based Finishing, Int. Dyer142 (10), 758-759 (1969).
27.
Siegrist, G. , Dyeing and Finishing ofTextile in Organic Solvents, Textilveredlung4, 12-25 (1968).
28.
Telegdy, I.K. , and Beutel, K.K., A. TextileFinishing Process as a Continuous Closed-Loop Solvent-Based Process. I: Comparative Study of Some of the Properties of Solvents More Important in Textile Finishing, Textilveredlung4, 799-802 (1969).
29.
Turner, H.A. , Theory of Dyeing, J. Soc. Dyers Colour. 71, 29 (1955).
30.
Thomas, M.N., M.Sc. Thesis, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Polymer and Fibre Science (UMIST), U.K. (1975 ).
31.
Vickerstaff, T., "The Physical Chemistry of Dyeing," 2nd Ed., Oliver and Boyd, London (1954).
32.
Vickerstaff, T., and Waters, E., The Dyeing of Cellulose Acetate Rayon with Disperse Dyes, J. Soc. Dyers Colour.58, 116-125 (1942).
33.
Worthington, N., Solvent Application of Dyes to Nylon, Int. Dyer143, 119.( 1970).
34.
Yabani, A.M., Ph.D. Thesis, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology. Polymer and Fibre Science (UMIST), U.K. (1976 ).
35.
Zimmermann, C.L., and McCleary , H.R., Determination of the Solubility of Dyes, Am. Dyes. Rep.37, 47-56 (1948).