In recent years interest has grown in tests that predict injury potential by measuring the heat transferred from burning textile materials. The preferred test is one in which the geometry of the heat receiver closely approximates the form of the human body. This work describes the design and construction of a heat-sensing system capable of measuring the area of simulated first-, second-, and third-degree burns of the human body. Sufficient detail is included to allow con struction of similar mannequin systems by others.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bercaw, J.R., Jordan, K.G., and Moss, A.Z., "Estimating Injury 'from Burning Garments and Development of Concepts for Flammability Tests," Natl. Bur. Stds. 75th Anniv. Symp.—Fire Standards and Safety, 1976.
2.
Carnahan, B., Luther, H.A., and Wilkes, J.O., "Applied Numerical Methods," Wiley and Sons, New York, 1969, pp. 445.
3.
Chouinard, M.P. , Knodel, D.C., and Arnold, H.W., Heat-Transfer from Flammable Fabrics, Textile Res. J. 43, 166-175 (1973).
4.
Consumer Product Safety Commission [16CFR Parts 1615 and 1616] , "Flammability Standards for Children's Sleep-wear (FF 3-71 and FF 5-74)."
5.
Consumer Product Safety Commission [16CFR Part 1610]Commercial Standard 191-53, "Flammability of General Wearing Apparel ."
6.
Coppari, L.A. and Thomas, J.R., Temperature Decay in a Composite Geometry Reactor Vessel Subjected to Thermal Shock: Two-Dimensional Solution, Nuclear Engrg. Design44, 211-225 (1977).
7.
Mehta, A.K. and Wong, F., "Measurement of Flammability and Burn Potential of Fabrics," Fields Research Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, COM-73-10960, 1973, pp. 97-136.
8.
Myers, G.E., "Analytical Methods in Conduction Heat-Transfer," McGraw-Hill , New York, 1971, pp. 233-315.
9.
Nijsing R. and Eifler, W., "The Hybrid Method, A New Accurate Computation Method for Transient Temperature Distributions in Fuel Rods," Nuclear Engrg. Design32, 208-220 (1975).
10.
Stoll, A.M. and Greene, L.C., Relationship Between Pain and Tissue Damage Due to Thermal Radiation, J. Appl. Physiol . 14, 373-382 (1959).
11.
Stoll, A.M. and Chianti, M.A., Burn Production and Prevention in Convective and Radiant Heat Transfer, Aerospace Med . 39, 1097-1100 (1968).
12.
Tickner, G. and Bendler, R., Thermoman: Super Textile Tester, Instruments and Control Systems, June, 39-42 (1974).
13.
Tribus, M., DecisionAnalysisApproachtoSatisfyingtheRequirementsoftheFlammableFabricsAct, ASTM Standardization News, Feb., 22-27 (1973).
