Effects of Carbohydrazide on Volatiles Released During Finishing with THPOH-NH 3 and Attendant Decrease in Shade Changes of Reactive-Dyed Cotton Fabrics

Abstract

Ammonia treatment of fabric impregnated with THPOH and a small amount of carbohydrazide produced a flame-retardant fabric that had higher weight gains and higher phosphorus, nitrogen, and formaldehyde contents than a treated fabric in which the carbohydrazide was absent. The carbohydrazide has ability to react with both the organophosphorus moieties as well as free formaldehyde, yielding products of relatively low volatility that are not lost during the drying and ammonia curing steps. The decreased formaldehyde released during drying lessens the change in shade of cotton fabrics dyed with reactive type dyes that is usually observed when they are treated for flame resistance with THPOH-NH₃.