Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

A continuous discharge process has been developed to make wool yarn shrink resistant and oil repellent. A commer cially available fluorocarbon monomer was adsorbed on wool yarn and permanently grafted to the yarn by exposure to a low temperature discharge. Yarn was obtained with less than one percent fluorocarbon add-on after extensive extrac tion with a solvent in which the monomer and homopolymer are soluble. Yarn with high levels of oil repellency and fabrics with area shrinkage between 5% and 10% was obtained. The effect of process variables such as discharge power and concentration of adsorbed fluorocarbon were studied.

X-ray photoetectron spectroscopy was used to detect the fluorocarbon graft on the yarn and to estimate the change in the concentration of the fluorocarbon graft on the yarn after solvent extraction and laundry tests.

Keywords

Wool yarn. Continuous discharge treatment. Fluorocarbon graft oil repellency shrink resistance X-ray photo electron spectroscopy surface analysis.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Arthur, Jeff C., Jr. , Graft Polymerization onto Polysaccharides , Advan. Makromol. Chem. 2, 1-87 (1971).

Bamford, C.H. and Ward, J.C. , The Effect of the HighFrequency Discharge on the Surfaces of Solids. 1. The Production of Surface Radicals on Polymers , Polymer 2 , 277-293 (1961).

Battaerd, H.A.J. and Tregear, G.W. , "Graft Copolymers," New York, Wiley, 1967, p.54.

Brocklehurst, B. , The Reactions of Ions and Excited Atoms of the Inert Gases, Quart. Rev. Chem. Soc . 22, 147-159 (1968).

Campbell, D. , Symons, M.C.R. , and Verma, G.S.P. , Unstable Intermediates. Part LXIV. A Comparison Between the Reactions of Atomic Hydrogen with Some Substituted Benzenes and Those Induced by γ-Irradiation , J. Chem. Soc. A, 2480-2483 (1969).

Gregor, L.V. , Gas-Phase Deposition of Insulating Films, in "Physics of Thin Films ," 3, Eds., G. Hass and R. E. Thun, New York , Academic Press, 1966, pp. 131-164.

Kaufman, F. , The Production of Atoms and Simple Radicals in Glow Discharges, Advan. Chem. Series, 88 , Ed., B. D. Blaustein, Washington, D. C., 1969, pp. 29-47.

Klein, M.P. and Kramer, L.N. , Estimation of Protein Quantity and Quality by X-Ray Photo Electron Spectrcscopy, Abstracts 161st National Meeting of ACS, Los Angeles, Calif., March 1971, AGFD 18.

Kolotyrkin, V.M. , Gilman, A.B. , and Tsapuk, A.K. , Production of Organic Surface Films by the Action of Electrons, Ultraviolet Radiation, and the Glow Discharge. Russ. Chem. Rev . 36 , 579-591 (1967).

10.

Michaeli, I. and Shatkay, A. , Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study of Wool Irridated by Ultraviolet and Visible Light, Radiat. Res., 43, 485-498 (1970).

11.

Millard, M.M. , Analysis of Surface Oxidized Wool Fiber by X-Ray Electron Spectroscopy, Anal. Chem . In press.

12.

Pavlath, A.E. and Slater, R.F. , Low Temperature Plasma chemistry. I: Shrinkproofing of Wool, Appl. Polymer Symposia , No. 18 Part II, 1317, 1971.

13.

Pittman, A.G. , Surface Properties of Fluorocarhon Polymers , in "High Polymers," 25, Ed., L. A. Wall, New York, Wiley, 1972, pp. 419-449.

14.

Schonhorn, H. and Hansen, R.H. , Surface Treatment of Polymers for Adhesive Bonding, J. Appl. Polymer Sci . II, 1461-1474 (1967).

15.

Siegbahn, K. , Nordling, C. Fahlman, A. , Nordberg, R. , Hamrin, K. , Hedman, J. , Johansson, G. , Bergmark. T. , Karlson, S.E. , Lindgren, I. , and Lindberg, B. , "ESCA, Atomic, Molecular and Solid State Structure Studied by Means of Electron Spectroscopy," Almqvist Wiksells AB, Stockholm ( 1967).

Continuous Low-Temperature Discharge Treatment of Wool Yarn A Process for Making Wool Yarn Oil Repellent and Shrink Resistant

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References