Polycarbcxylic acids having three or more carboxyl groups per molecule were used as coreactant curing catalysts with a series of N-methylol crosslinking agents. Strongly acidic, water-soluble acids were found to be effective catalysts for the curing reactions, while less soluble or weaker acids were poor catalysts, as were partially neutralized polycarhoxylic acids. The X-methylol crosslinking agents which responded most favorably to catalysis by the carboxylic acids were those which formed ethers that were most stable to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis. The N-methylol crosslinking reagents which formed ethers less stable to acidic hydrolysis gave poor wrinkle recovery angles when applied to cotton fabrics with carboxylic acid catalysts.
AATCC Test Method 66-1968, AATCC Technical Manual 45, 256-257 (1969).
2.
American Society for Testing and Materials , ASTM Designation D-1295-67, Philadelphia , Pa.
3.
Daul, G.C., Reinhardt, R.M., and Reid, J.D., Crease-Resistant Cloth from Partially Carboxymethylated Cotton, Textile Res. J. 22 , 792-797 (1952).
4.
Franklin, W.E. , Mack, C.H., and Rowland, S.P., Reversible Crease Formation in Cotton Cellulose Dicyclopentadienedicarboxylate Fahrics , Textile Res. J. 39, 943-949 (1969).
5.
Hobart, S.R. , An Investigation of the Reversibility of N-Methylolacrylamide Cross Links on Cotton, Textile Res. J. 37, 380-390 (1967).
6.
Hobart, S.R. and Mack, C.H., Reaction of Aryl Isocyanates with Cotton Cellulose, Part V: Reactions via N,N'arylenedicarbamates, Textile Res. J . 39, 317-323 (1969).
7.
Hobart, S.R. and Mack, C.H., Reversible Creasing Studies on Cotton Cross-Linked with X-Methylol Finishing Agents, Proc. 11th Cotton Utilization ConfNew Orleans , Louisiana, 1971.
8.
Perrier, D.M. and Benerito, R.R., Catalysis of the Cellulose-Cyclic Urea Reactions by Built-In Acid Groups, Textile Res. J . 41, 680-685 (1971).
9.
Petersen, H. , Beziehungen zwischen chemischer Konstitution, Hydrolysenbestandigkeit und Gleichgewichtslagen von N-Methylolverbindungen , 3. Mitteilung, Textilveredlung3, 160-179 (1968).
10.
Peterson, H. , Reaction Mechanisms, Structure, and Properties of Methylol Compounds in Cross-Linking Cotton, Textile Res. J. 38, 156-176 (1968).
11.
' Petersen, H. , Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Cross-Linking Agents, Textile Res. J. 40, 335-344 (1970).
12.
Petersen, H. , Advances in the Chemistry of N-Containing Cross-Linking Agents, Textile Res. J. 41, 239-254 (1971).
13.
Reid, J.D., Reinhardt, R.M., and Kullman, R.M.H., Durable Creasing of Wrinkle Resistant Cotton, Textile Res. J. 28, 242-251 (1958).
14.
Roberts, E.J. , Wade, C.P., and Rowland, S.P., N,N-Diethylaziridinium Chloride as a Coreactant Catalyst for Reactions of N-Methylol Reagents with Cellulose, Textile Res. J. 41, 617-620 (1971).
15.
Rowland, S.P. and Brannan, M.A.F., Mobile Ester Cross Links for Thermal Creasing of Wrinkle-Resistant Cotton Fabrics, Textile Res. J. 38, 634-643 (1968).
16.
Rowland, S.P. and Brannan, M.A.F., A Delayed-Curing Cotton Fabric Based on an Internally Catalyzed Cotton Cellulose and Divinyl Sulfone, Textile Res. J. 39 , 173-180 (1969).
17.
Rowland, S.P. and Brannan, M.A.F., Variations in a Delayed-Curing Cotton Via Internal Catalysis of Reaction with Divinyl Sulfone, Textile Res. J. 40, 101-108 (1970).
18.
Rowland, S.P. and Brannan, M.A.F., Introduction and Removal of Durable Creases in Wrinkle-Resistant Cotton Fabric, Textile Res. J. 40, 607-613 (1970).
19.
Rowland, S.P. , Welch, C.M., Brannan , M.A.F., and Gallagher , D.M., Introduction of Ester Cross Links into Cotton Cellulose by a Rapid Curing Process, Textile Res. J. 37 , 933-941 (1967).
20.
Soignet, D.M. and Benerito, R.R., Internal Catalyst for the Modification of Cotton Cellulose with Dimethylolethyleneurea, Textile Res. J. 38, 1143 (1968).
21.
Soignet, D.M. , Benerito, R.R., and Pilkington , M.W., Salts of DEAE-Cottons as Built-In Catalysts for the Cellulose-DMEU Reaction, Textile Res. J. 39 , 780-787 (1969).
22.
Vail, S.L., Verburg, G.B., and Young, A.H.P., The 4,5-Dihydroxy-2-Imidazolidinone System for Cross-Linking Cotton , Textile Res. J. 39, 86-93 (1969).
