A new reaction of aqueous amic acid-cellulose has been found. It has led to a fast, simple, pad-bake process for modify ing cellulose. The structure of the modified reaction product is postulated to be a cellulose half-acid ester.
Some comments are made on the mechanism and generality of the reaction. Also mentioned is the possible value of the easily made cellulose half-acid ester derivative as a precursor for subsequent reactions to obtain cellulosic fabrics with improved properties. Specific examples noted are cellulose hemisuccinate, phthatate, maleate, and glutarate.
Bernthsen, A. and Sudbarough, J.J., in "Organic Chemistry," Princeton, N. J., Van Nostrand, 1928, p. 248.
2.
Cuculo, J.A. , Pad-Bake Reactions. Part II: A New Pad-Bake Reaction of Cellulose and Aqueous Solutions of Anhydride Ammonia, Textile Res. J.41, 375-378 (1971).
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Filachione, E.M., Costello, E.J., and Fisher, C.H., Preparation of Esters by Reaction of Ammonium Salts With Alcohols, J. Amer. Chem. Soc.73, 5265-5267 (1951 ).
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McIntire, E.M. , Cation-Exchange Medium, U. S. 2,505,561, Apr. 25, 1950.
5.
Ott, Emil, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives, in "High Polymers ," 2nd ed., vol. 5, pt. 3, 1955, pp. 1422-1423.
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Schulze, F., Alkali-Soluble Dicarboxylic Acid Esters of Cellulose, U. S. 2,069,974, Feb. 9, 1937.
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Thomas, J.C. , Cellulose Sulfate, U. S. 2,511,229, June 13, 1950.
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Touey, G.P. and Caldwell, J.R., Nitrogen-Containing Cellulose Esters and Fibers Therefrom, U. S. 2,996,497, Aug. 15, 1961.
