Wrinkled Fabrics,Optical Illusions,and the FRL® Topometer 1

Abstract

The visual assessment of the degree of wrinkling in a fabric is influenced by the contour of the wrinkled surface, the color of the fabric, and the pattern or texture which may exist. Subjective evaluations often show inconsistencies between observers, which are related to the degree to which they allow the color, pattern, and texture effects to influence their judgment of wrinkle severity. An instrument has been developed which permits a numerical assessment of the effect of wrinkling on the uniformity of appearance of a fabric. This assessment is shown to correlate well with visual assessment, using the Munsell gray scale to create synthetic appearance unevenness.

Keywords

Cotton fabrics viscose rayon fabrics acetate fabrics nylon fabrics polyester fabrics. Wrinkled fabrics. Textile materials. Light (collimated)surface contour grayness color Munsell colors wrinkling. Wrinkle index visual unevenness color content light reflectance grayness change standard deviation output mean output variance visual response stimulus Evaluation (wrinkled appearance). Photosensor linear scanning circular scanning FRL® Topometer.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Abbott, N.J. , Laboratory Evaluation of Wrinkle Recovery , Textile Res. J. 35, 197-213 (1965).

Bercaw, J.A. , New Developments in Evaluating Wash-Wear Performance , Amer. Dyestuff Reptr. 49, 111-117 (1960).

Bostwick, C.O. , Conic Wrinkling and Wrinkle Height Measurement—New Method for Making and Measuring Random Wrinkling, Meddelande från TEFO Nr. 6 (1963).

Dimov, K. and Kalev, S. , Electronic-Photometric Methods for the Measurement of the Crease Resistance of Rapid Ion-Finished Textiles, Textil Praxis 22, 434-438 (1967).

Fortess, F. , Technical Basis for Fabric Performance Testing, Amer. Dyestuff Reptr. 53, 994-1001 (Apr. 6, 1964).

Hebeler, H.H. and Kolb, H.J. , The Measurement of Fabric Wrinkling , Textile Res. J. 20, 650-653 (1950).

Kaswell, E.R. , Evaluation of the Celanese Wrinkle Tester , Amer. Dyestuff Reptr. 48 (7), 56-60 (1959).

Katz, H.J. , Wrinkling Behavior of Woven Fabrics, Part I : A Multiple-Pleat Test , Textile Res. J. 36, 874-887 (1966).

Lako, J. and Veer. L.S. , The Assessment of Crease Resistance and Crease Recovery, J. Textile Inst. 53 , P99-P115 ( 1962).

10.

Shiloh, M. , Measurements of Wrinkles with the SIVIM Wrinklemeter , State of Israel, Institute for Fibers and Forest Products Research, September, 1969 .

11.

Stevens, S.S. , Measurement and Man, Science 127, 383-389 (1958).

12.

Thomas, E.L. , Movements of the Eye, Sci. Am. 219 (8), 88-95 (1968).

13.

Tovey, H. , Wrinkle Resistance and Recovery from Deformation, Textile Res. J. 31, 185-252 (1961).

14.

Troope, W.S. and Knebel, R.W. , Instrument for Evaluating Crease Performance in Flexible Materials, U. S. 3,473,877 (to Cluett, Peabody & Co., Inc.).