Studies in the Reaction of Formaldehyde with Unmodified,Modified,and Dyed Celluloses

Abstract

The reaction of formaldehyde with five cellulosic fiber substances has been studied at 30° C. The combined formaldehyde values (CF) at any given time are in the following proportion:

Cotton cellulose (native): 1.00

Cotton cellulose (mercerized under tension): 1.31

Cotton cellulose (mercerized without tension): 1.49

Viscose rayon : 1.97

Cuprammonium rayon: 2.31

Values of fiber crystallinity, moisture regain, oxidative susceptibility, and equilibrium uptake of direct dye for these fiber substances have been related with their CF values at given times of reaction.

A mechanism has been put forward to explain the anomalous behavior of viscose rayon towards formaldehyde. A method has been suggested for determining the relative accessibility of these fiber substances to formaldehyde.

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