The reactions of various commercially available epoxides with cotton cellulose in the presence of sodium hydroxide have been investigated at 25°, 50°, and 95° C. The effects of solvents and alkali content of the yarn steep on the epoxy add-on have been studied.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Balassa, L., U. S. Pat. 2,588,463 (March 11, 1952).
2.
Boyd, D.R. and Marle, E.R., J. Chem. Soc.97, 1788-1790 (1910 ).
3.
Boyd, D.R. and Marle, E.R., J. Chem. Soc.105, 2117-2139 (1914 ).
4.
Branch, G.E.K. and Calvin, M., "The Theory of Organic Chemistry " New York, Prentice-Hall, 403 (1941).
5.
Broderick, A. E. (to Union Carbide and Carbon Corp.), U. S. Pat. 2,682,535 (June 29, 1954).
6.
Brönsted, J.N. , Kilpatrick, Mary, and Kilpatrick , M., J. Am. Chem. Soc.51, 428-461 (1929).
7.
Castan, P., U. S. Pat. 2.324,483 (July 20, 1943).
8.
Castan, P. (to De Trey Freres S.A.), U. S. Pat. 2.444,333 (June 29, 1948).
9.
Champetier, G. and Neel, J., Bull. Soc. Chim. France [5] 16, 930-937 (1949).
10.
Chédin, J. and Marsaudon, A., Makromol. Chem.20, 57-82 (1956).
11.
Chitwood, H.C. and Freure, B.T., J. Am. Chem. Soc.68, 680-683 (1946).
12.
Cohen, S.G. and Haas, H.C., J. Am. Chem. Soc.72, 3954-3958 (1950).
13.
Condo, F. E. and Schroeder, C. W. (to Shell Chemical Co.), U. S. Pat. 2,752,269 (June 26, 1956).
14.
Dreyfus, H., Brit. Pat. 166,767 ( July 28, 1921).
15.
Greenlee, S. O. (to Devoe & Reynolds Co., Inc.,), U. S. Pat. 2,668,805 and 2,668,807 (February 9, 1954).
16.
Guss, C.O., J. Am. Chem. Soc.71, 3460-3462 (1949 ).
17.
Jefferson Chemical Co., "Preparation of Glycidol from Glyceryl Carbonate," personal communication.
18.
Karrer, P., Cellulosechemie2, 125-128 (1921).
19.
Klein, E., McKelvey, J.B., and Webre, Beverly G. , J. Phys. Chem.62, 286-288 (1958).
20.
Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd., Lawrie, L. G., Reynolds, R. J. W., and Piggott, H. A., Brit. Pat. 439,880 (December 17, 1935).
21.
Lawrie, L. G., Reynolds, R. J. W., and Piggott, H. A. (to Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd.), U. S. Pat. 2,109,295 ( February 22, 1938).
22.
Lawrie, L. G., Reynolds, R. J. W., and Walker, E. E. (to Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd.), U. S. Pat. 2,164,248 (June 27, 1939).
23.
Lawrie, L.G. , Reynolds, R.J.W., and Ward, D.J., J. Soc. Dyers Colourists56, 6-17 (1940).
24.
Long, F.A. and Pritchard, J.G., J. Am. Chem. Soc.78, 2663-2667 (1956 ).
25.
Lowry, T.M., J. Chem. Soc.127, 1371-1385 (1925 ).
26.
Musser, D. M. (to Pacific Mills), U. S. Pat. 2,455,083 (November 30, 1948).
27.
Neale, S.M., J. Textile Inst. 21, T225-230 (1930).
28.
Percival, E.G.V. , Cuthbertson, A.C., and Hibbert, H., J. Am. Chem. Soc.52, 3257-3269 (1930).
29.
Petrov, A.A. , J. Gen. Chem. (U.S.S.R.)14, 1038-1043 (1944 ); through Chem. Abstr.40, 7153 (1946).
30.
Petrov, A.A. , J. Gen. Chem. (U.S.S.R.)16, 1206-1212 (1946); through Chem. Abstr.41, 3051 (1947).
31.
Pritchard. J.G. and Long, F.A., J. Am. Chem. Soc.78, 6008-6013 (1956).
32.
Reeve, W. and Christoffel, I., J. Am. Chem. Soc.72, 1480-1483 (1950 ).
33.
Ross, W.C.J. , J. Chem. Soc.1950, 2257-2272.
34.
Schorger, A. W. (to C. F. Burgess Laboratories, Inc.), U. S. Pat. 1,863,208 (June 14, 1932).
35.
Schorger, A. W. (to C. F. Burgess Laboratories, Inc.), U. S. Pat. 1,941,278 (December 26, 1933).
36.
Schroeder, C. W. and Sumers, R. W. (to Shell Chemical Co.), U. S. Pat. 2,774, 691 (December 18, 1956).
37.
Schroeder, C.W. and Condo, F.E., TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL27, 135-145 (1957).
38.
Shechter, L. and Wynstra, J., Ind. Eng. Chem.48, 86-93 (1956).
39.
Shechter, L. , Wynstra, J., and Kurkjy, R.P., Ind. Eng. Chem.48, 94-97 (1956).
40.
Suen, T. J. (to American Cyanamid Co.), U. S. Pat. 2,730,427 (January 10, 1956).
41.
Sugihara, J.M. and Wolfrom, M.L., J. Am. Chem. Soc.71, 3509-3510 (1949).
42.
Swern, D., J. Am. Chem. Soc.69, 1692-1698 (1947 ).
43.
Tasker, C. W. (to American Viscose Corp.), U. S. Pat. 2,667,481 ( January 26, 1954).