The Effect of Cotton Fiber Strength on the Properties of 2-Ply Carded Yarns

Abstract

Two cottons (Hopi Acala 50-an irrigated variety, and Variety A) and the single yarns used in a previous study, plus yarns spun from an additional cotton, identified as Variety B, form the basis for the 2-ply constructions covered by this report. The single yarns were spun (Z twist) using twist multipliers ranging from 2.75 to 5.75 in increments of 1.00. Each single yarn twist construction was 2-ply twisted (S twist) with the same range of twist multipliers. In addition, a "balanced" ply twist construction was made wherein the ply twist multiplier was found to be approximately 0.7 times the single yarn twist multiplier. Single yarn number was held as constant as possible by varying the spinning draft to compensate for the contraction due to twist.

It was found that for cottons of comparable fiber length and weight fineness, the stronger fibered cotton produced the stronger 2-ply yarns. Also, differences in fiber strength do not affect twist-strength trends or percentage gain in strength of 2-ply over single yarns. The results of this study also indicate that fiber elongation is directly related to 2-ply yarn elongation.

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