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Abstract

Liquid ammonia is effective at improving the strength, shrink resistance, and hand of cotton fabric. In this study, we apply a liquid ammonia (NH₃) treatment to three regenerated cellulosic fabrics—rayon taffeta, cupro taffeta, and polynosic broadcloth— and subsequently process these with hot water and dry heat. We investigate the effect of the processes on crystal form, crystallinity, moisture regain, water absorption, and dyeing properties. Also, the mechanical properties of the NH₃-treated fabrics are measured in relation to fabric hand. The diffraction intensity profiles of the rayon taffeta are unchanged by the NH₃ treatment and subsequent heat processing. The profile of cupro taffeta is not changed by the NH₃ treatment, but it is transformed to cellulose III_II by subsequent hot water and dry heat processes. On the other hand, although the profile of polynosic broadcloth is transformed to cellulose III_II by the NH₃ treatment, the profile is not changed by hot water and dry heat. Furthermore, fabric crystallinity decreases with the NH₃ treatment and increases somewhat after the hot water and dry heat processes. Water absorption and equilibrium dye uptake decrease with the NH₃ treatment. Excellent washing shrinkage resistance is obtained with the NH₃ treatment. The shearing and bending parameters of the rayon and cupro fabrics decrease somewhat with the NH₃ treatment, so this treatment of regenerated cellulosic fabrics is effective at improving hand as well as washing shrinkage.

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Liquid Ammonia Treatment of Regenerated Cellulosic Fabrics

Abstract

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