Partant du constat que les études relatives aux nouveaux mouvements religieux dans les sociétés occidentales ont tendu à se concentrer exclusivement sur les grands mouvements objets de controverses et dont les adeptes sont principalement de jeunes adultes, l'Auteur de cet article montre que d'autres mouvements sont également en expansion. Il s'agit surtout de mouvements combinant les intérêts spirituels avec d'autres pratiques visant diverses sortes de thérapies. L'une de leurs caractéristiques princi pales consiste dans des représentations holistes mettant l'accent sur un monisme philosophique, l'intégration sociale et l'intégrité personnelle. Les diverses conceptions holistiques de la personne, de la guérison et du cosmos sont examinées par l'Auteur à partir d'exemples pris dans un large éventail de nouvelles religions et de pratiques des adeptes de ces mouvements témoignant d'une affi nité élective avec les expériences éducatives et de travail de la classe moyenne. L'Auteur conclut que la représentation holiste est capable de transmettre des notions distinctes du sacré dans les sociétés modernes.
References
1.
Adams, Robert (compiler), 1982, The New Times Network. Groups and Centres for Personal GrowthLondon: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
2.
Anthony Dick & Thomas Robbins , 1982, 'Spiritual innovation and the crisis of American Civil Religion', Daedalus, 3, 1: 215-234.
3.
Beckford, James A. & James T. Richardson , 1983, 'A bibliography of social scientific studies of new religious movements', Social Compass , 30, 1: 111-135.
4.
Bell, Daniel, 1980, 'The return of the sacred?', pp. 324-354 in his Sociological Journeys 1960-1980. London: Heinemann.
5.
[first published in British Journal of Sociology, 28, 4, 1977: 419-449] .
6.
Bellah, Robert N., 1975, The Broken Covenant. American Civil Religion in Time of Trral. New York: Seabury Press.
7.
Bird, Frederick, 1978, 'Charisma and ritual in new religious movements' , pp. 173-189 in J. Needleman & G. Baker (eds.) Understanding the New Religions. New York: Crossroads Press.
8.
Bird, Frederick, 1980, 'The pursuit of innocence: new religious movements and moral accountability', Sociological Analysis, 40, 4: 335-346.
9.
Campbell, Colin B., 1972 'The cult, the cultic milieu and secularization' , A Sociological Yearbook of Religion in Britain, 5: 119-136.
10.
Campbell, Colin B., 1978 'The secret religion of the educated classes', Sociological Analysis, 39, 2: 146-156.
11.
Campbell, Colin B., 1983, 'Romanticism and the consumer ethic: intimations of a Weber-style thesis', sociological Analysis, 44, 4: 279-296.
12.
Capra,Fritjof, 1982, The Turning Point. Science, Society, and the Rising Culture . New York: Simon & Schuster .
13.
Clark, John; M. Langone; R. Schechter & R. Daly, 1981, Destructive Cult Conversion: Theory, Research and Treatment . Weston, Mass.: American Family Foundation.
14.
Durkheim, Emile, 1969, 'Individualism and the intellectuals' [trans. Steven Lukes] Political Studies, 17: 14-30.
15.
Ferguson, Marilyn, 1980, The Aquarian Conspiracy. Los Angeles : Tarcher.
16.
Foltz, Tamce, 1983, 'An alternative healing group as a new religious form: the use of ritual in becoming a healing practitioner'; Unpublished paper.
17.
Foss, D. & R. Larkin, 1976, 'From "the Gates of Eden" to "Day of the Locust": an analysis of the dissident youth movement of the 1960s and its heirs in the 1970s — the post-movement groups', Theory and Society , 3: 45-64.
18.
Lasch, Christopher, 1980, The Culture of NarcissismLondon : Sphere Books.
19.
Leger Danièle & Bertrand Hervieu , 1983, Des communautés pour les Temps DifficilesParis: Le Centurion .
20.
Luckmann, Thomas, 1967, The Invisible Religion. London : Macmillan.
21.
McGuire, Meredith B., 1982, Pentecostal Catholics. Philadelphia : Temple University Press.
22.
McGuire, Meredith B., 1983, 'Words of power: personal empowerment and healing' , Culture Medicine and Psychiatry, 7: 221-240.
23.
MacIntyre, Alisdair, 1981, After VirtueLondon: Duckworth.
24.
Nelson, Geofrey K., 1969, Spiritualism and Society. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul.
25.
Offner, Clark B. & H. van Straelen , 1963, Modern Japanese Religion, with Special Emphasis on their Doctrines of Healing. Tokyo : Rupert Enderle.
26.
Rieff, Philip, 1966, Triumph of the TherapeuticLondon: Chatto & Winduss.
Satin, Mark, 1978, New Age Politics. Healing Self and Society. The Emerging New Alternative to Marxism and Liberalism. West Vancouver : Whitecap Books.
30.
Schluchter, Wolfgang, 1979, 'The paradox of rationalization: on the relation of ethics and the world', in G. Roth & W. Schluchter (eds.) Max Weber's Vision of History, Ethics and Methods. Berkeley: Unversity of California Press.
31.
Schur, E., 1976, The Awareness Trap: Self-Absorption Instead of Social ChangeNew York: Quadrangle Books .
32.
Sennett, Richard, 1977, The Fall of Public ManNew York : Knopf.
33.
Sinclair, John, 1982, 'Introduction' [to section on Networks, Associations, Information Centres], pp. 113-115 in R. Adams (compiler).
34.
Singer, Margaret, 1979, 'Coming out of the cults', Psychology Today, January: 72-82.
35.
Tipton, Steven M., 1982, Getting Saved from the Sixties. Berkeley : University of California Press.
36.
Turner, Harold W., 1979, Religious Innovation in Africa: Collected Essays on New Religious Movements. Boston: G.K. Hall.
37.
Westley, Frances, 1978 "'The Cult of Man": Durkheim's predictions and new religious movements', Sociological Analysis, 39, 2: 135-145.
38.
Wilson, Bryan R., 1976, the Contemporary Transformations of Religion. London: Oxford University Press.
39.
Wuthnow, Robert, 1978, Experimentation in American ReligionBerkeley: University of California Press.
