L'auteur de cet article opère un bilan des recherches qu'il mène en sociologie de la religion des migrants depuis plus de 20 ans.
Après avoir successivement considéré la religion comme variable dépendante, indépendante ou externe, il en vient à penser que le concept d'identité est le plus pertinent pour une appréhension compréhensive du phénomène en question. Ce concept a une application très étendue et permet de : 1) cen trer l'attention sur les problèmes de la culture ethnique dans les contextes anomiques modernes, 2) percevoir le rôle «d'amortisseur» des Eglises ethniques. Dans tous les cas observables, la religion sert à delimiter et à fortifier l'identité des groupes sociaux mis en crise dans des environnements culturels étrangers.
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