Abstract
Christian presence in North Africa is not a speci fically religious phenomenon, but the result of settle ment colonization. The Christian is a foreigner and the Moslem willingly identifies Christians with Europeans. Whence the formation of two opposing blocks which turn the prejudices originating in defensive reflexes into myths (for example, the pioneer spirit). Europeans are defending a privileged position, very different, moreover, in Algeria, Tunisia, or Morocco. This situation is now undergoing basic transformations which make a new Christian and less ambiguous beha vior foreseeable.