A cognizant interface exhibits artificially intelligent knowledge and behavior toward the parties it is to serve in its interfacing role. These parties are the human user, on one hand, and the computer-based simulation software, on the other. The interface is therefore viewed as two-sided. To enable users who are neither computer specialists nor simulation experts to take advantage of sophisticated tools for system modeling and simulation, new approaches to interface design are necessary. They must encompass state-of-the-art technology (e.g. computer graphics and networks) as well as utilize techniques available in the areas of artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction. This paper has a three-fold purpose: to present results of a structured review of the simulation + ar tificial intelligence literature; to focus on criteria for engineering a modifiable interface; and to add to that interface the ability to adapt to the user. An illustrative prototype is outlined and a simulation-oriented framework of knowledge bases is presented.
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