MagninPACombined Doppler and phased array echocardiographic estimation of cardiac output, Circulation1981; 63: 388–92.
2.
GoldbergSJSahnDJAllenHDValdes-CruzLMHoeneckHCarnahanY.Evaluation of pulmonary and systemic blood flow by two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography using fast Fourier transform spectral analysis. Am J Cardiol1982; 50: 1394–1400.
3.
HuntsmanLLStewartDKBarnesSRFranklinSBColocousisJSHesselEA. Non-invasive Doppler determination of cardiac output in man. Clinical validation. Circulation1983; 67: 593–602.
4.
IhlenHAmlieJPDaleJDetermination of cardiac output by Doppler echocardiography. Br Heart. J1984; 51: 54–60.
5.
ChandraratnaPANannaMMcKayCDetermination of cardiac output by transcutaneous continuous-wave ultrasonic Doppler computer. Amer Heart J1984; 53: 234–7.
6.
RoseJSNannaMRahimtoolaSHElkayamUMcKayCChandraratnaAN. Accuracy of determination of changes in cardiac output by transcutaneous continuous-wave Doppler computer. Am J Cardiol1984; 54: 1099–1101.
7.
MehtaNIyaweVICumminARCBayleySSaundersKBBennettED. Validation of a Doppler technique for beat-to-beat measurement of cardiac output. Clin Sci1985; 69: 377–82.
8.
GisvoldSEBrubakkAO. Measurement of instantaneous blood-flow velocity in the human aorta using pulsed Doppler ultrasound. Cardiovasc Res1982; 16: 26–33.
9.
SteingartRMMellerJBarovickJPattersonRHermanMVTeichholzLE. Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic measurements of beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume in dogs. Circulation1980; 62: 542–8.
10.
SeedWAWoodNB. Velocity patterns in the aorta. Cardiovasc Res1971; 5:319–30.
11.
FarthingSPeronneauP.Flow in the thoracic aorta. Cardiovasc Res1979; 13: 607–20.
12.
HatleLAngelsenB.Doppler ultrasound in cardiology: Physical principles and clinical applications. 2nd edPhiladelphia: Lea and Bebiger, 1985: 317.
13.
LoeppkyJAGreeneERHoekangaDECaprihanALuftUC. Beat-by-beat stroke volume assessment by pulsed Doppler in upright and supine exercise. J Appl Physiol1981; 50: 1173–82.
14.
MackayABeenMRodriguesEMurchisonJDe BonoDP. Preoperative prediction of prosthesis size using cross sectional echocardiography in patients requiring aortic valve replacement. Br Heart J1985; 53: 507–9.
15.
FrancisGSHaganADOuryJO'RourkeRA. Accuracy of echocardiography for assessing aortic root diameter. Br Heart J1975; 37: 376–8.
16.
RawlesJMHaitesNE. Doppler Ultrasound measurement of cardiac output. Brit J Hosp Med1984; 31: 292–7.
17.
LightLHCrossGRawlesJMHaitesNE. Convenient monitoring of cardiac output and global left ventricular function by transcutaneous aortovelography — An update. In: SpencerM, ed Cardiac Doppler diagnosis, volume II. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers1986: 73–91.
18.
FraserCBLightLHShinebourneEABuchtalAHealyMJRBeardshawJA. Transcutaneous aortovelography: Reproducibility in adults and children. Eur J Cardiol1976; 4/2: 181–9.
19.
McLennanFMHaitesNEMackenzieJDDanielMKRawlesJM. Reproducibility of linear cardiac output measurement by Doppler ultrasound alone. Br Heart J1986; 55: 25–31.
20.
GisvoldSEBrubakkAO. Measurement of instantaneous blood-flow velocity in the human aorta using pulsed Doppler ultrasound. Cardiovasc Res1982; 16: 26–33.
21.
GardinJMDabestaniAMatinKAllfieARussellDHenryWL. Reproducibility of Doppler aortic blood blow measurements: Studies on intraobserver, interobserver and day-to-day variability in normal subjects. Am J Cardiol1984; 54: 1092–8.
22.
HatleLAngelsenB.Doppler ultrasound in cardiology. Physical principles and applications. 1st edPhiladelphia: Lea and Febiger, 1982: 192.
23.
HallockPBensonIC. Studies on the elastic properties of human isolated aorta. J Clin Invest1937; 16: 595–602.
TowfiqBAWeirJRawlesJM. Effect of age and blood pressure on aortic size and stroke distance. Br Heart J, 1986; 55; 560–8.
26.
MowatDHRHaitesNERawlesJM. Aortic blood velocity measurement in adults using a simple ultrasound technique. Cardiovasc Res1983; 17: 75–80.
27.
LightLH. Transcutaneous aortovelography. A new window on the circulation?Br Heart J1976; 38: 433–42.
28.
HenryWLWareJGardinJMHepnerSIMcKayJWeinerM.Echocardiographic measurements in normal subjects. Growth-related changes that occur between infancy and early adulthood. Circulation1978; 57: 278–85.
FeigenbaumH.Echocardiography. 2nd edPhiladelphia: Lea and Febiger, 1976: 471.
31.
SequeiraRFLightLHCrossGRafteryEB. Transcutaneous aortovelography. A quantitative evaluation. Brit Heart J1976; 38: 443–50.
32.
DistanteAMoscarelliERovaiDL'AbbateA.Monitoring changes in cardiac output by transcutaneous aortovelography, a non-invasive Doppler technique: Comparison with thermodilution. J Nucl Med Allied Sci1980: 24: 171–5.
33.
LightLH. Implications of aortic blood velocity measurements in children. J Physiol1978; 285: 17P.
34.
HaitesNEMcLennanFMMowatDHRRawlesJM. Assessment of stroke volume and cardiac output by Doppler ultrasound alone. Scot Med J1984; 29: 201.
35.
HaitesNEMcLennanFMMowatDHRRawlesJM. Assessment of Cardiac output by the Doppler ultrasound technique alone. Brit Heart J1985: 53: 123–9.
36.
GibsonDG. Stroke distance — An improved measure of cardiovascular function?Br Heart J1985; 53: 121–2.
37.
BrandfonbrenerMLandowneMShockNW. Changes in cardiac output with age. Circulation1955; 12: 557–66.
38.
DanielMKBennettBDawsonAARawlesJM. Effect of hemoglobin concentration on linear cardiac output, peripheral resistance and oxygen transport. Br Med J1986; 292: 923–6.
39.
ElkayamUGardinJMBerkleyRHughesCAHenryWL. The use of Doppler flow velocity measurement to assess the haemodynamic response to vasodilators in patients with heart failure. Circulation1983; 67: 377–83.
40.
FagardRStaessenJAmeryA.The use of Doppler echocardiography to assess the acute haemodynamic response to felodipine and metprolol in hypertensive patients. Journal of Hypertension1987; 5: 143–9.
41.
RatcliffeMAMcKnightJRDawsonAABennettBRawlesJM. A non-invasive technique for assessing cardiotoxity of cytotoxic chemotherapy in lymphoma. Scot Med J, 1987; 32; 63 (abstract).
42.
McLennanFMHaitesNERawlesJM. Stroke and minute distance in pregnancy: A longitudinal study using Doppler ultrasound. Br J Obstet Gynaec1987; 94: 499–506.
43.
RawlesJMPaiGRCoplandSA. Doppler haemodynamic assessment of enoximone in atrial fibrillation. Heart and Vessels1987; Suppl 3: 45 (abstract).
44.
TanLB. Cardiac pumping capability and prognosis in heart failure. Lancet1986; ii: 1360–3.