Life threatening methaemoglobinaemia developed after prolonged therapeutic use of phenazopyridine (Pyridium) in a patient with chronic obstructive airways disease. The combination of chronic obstructive airways disease and oxidant drugs (methaemoglobinaemia) may be lethal. The use of phenazopyridine should be abandoned. Certainly there is no indication to use it for more than a few days in any patient.
WaltonRP, LawsonEH. Pharmacology and toxicity of azo dye, phenyl-azo-∝-∝-diaminopyridine (Pyridium). J. Pharm. Exp. Therap.1934; 51: 200–216.
2.
CrawfordSE, MoonAEJr, PanosTC, HooksCA. Methemoglobinaemia associated with Pyridium administration. Report of a case. J. Am. Med. Ass.1951; 146: 24–25.
3.
SandRE, EdelmannCMJr.Pyridium induced methemoglobinaemia. Report of a case. J. Pediat.1961; 58: 845–848.
4.
NathanDM, SeigelAJ, BunnHF. Acute methemoglobinaemia and haemolytic anaemic with phenazopyridine. Arch intern Med1977; 137: 1636–1638.
5.
Hess-WAU, EberleinHJ, PotheH.Cyanosis as a result of drug-induced methemoglobinaemia. A case report. Anaesthetist1983; 32 (3): 124–126.
6.
GreenbergMS, WongH.Methemoglobinaemia and Heinz body haemolytic anaemia due to phenazopyridine hydrochloride. New Engl. J. Med.1964; 271: 431–435.
7.
JeffreyWH, ZelicoffAP, HardyWR. Acquired methemoglobinaemia and haemolytic anaemia after usual doses of phenazopyridine. Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm.1982; 16: 157–159.
8.
HarrisJW, KellermeyerRW. The red cell. Revised at Cambridge: Harvard University Press1970: 86–90.