Nodular Leukæmia: With an Illustrative Case and References to over One Hundred others

Byrom Bramwell. Lancet, 1902, i, p. 520; and Scot. Med. Surg. Journ. 1902, x, p. 219. Two cases, both with numerous skin nodules; in one all the lesions were green, in the other only a few.

Rosenblath . Deutsch. Archiv f. klin. Med. Leipz., 1902, lxxii, pp. 1–30. Two cases with green nodules in the eyelids but no tumours of the skull.

Steven . Glasgow Med. Journ., 1903, lx, pp. 1–12. A case of chloroma with skull and skin lesions.

Beneke . Verhandl. d. deutsch. path. Oesellsch., 1898. A case of chloroma with skull nodules mentioned in the course of a discussion.

Drozda . Gesellsch. f. inn. Med., October 23, 1910, and Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1902, xv, p. 1236. A case of chloroma mentioned in a discussion.

Burns . “Observations on the Surgical Anatomy of the Head and Neck,” Baltimore, 1923, p. 386. The first description of a disease characterized by green skull nodules. Chloroma.

Treadgold . Quart. Journ. Med. Oxf., 1907, i, pp. 239–86. Four cases of lymphæmia, in two of which there was a green colour in some of the lesions, and in one of which there was a single subcutaneous nodule on the forehead. He also mentions a case in which both breasts were amputated for supposed sarcoma, the patient dying from lymphæmia shortly afterwards.

Turnbull . Quart. Journ. Med., 1907, i, p. 276. Mentioned as having seen a case of purpura in which post mortem the marrow was found to be bright green and to contain great excess of myelocytes.

Dock Warthin . Trans. Assoc. Amer. Phys. Philad., 1904, xix, pp. 64–115. A case with green growth on the sternum but none in the skull. Some of the glandular lesions were green, some yellow; full discussion and résumé of cases.

Dock . Amer. Journ. of Med. Sci. Philad., 1893, cvi, p. 152. A case of chloroma with skull nodules; references to seventeen other cases and discussion of the relationship of chloroma and leukæmia.

Gustave Lang. Arch. gen. de Med. Par., 1893, clxxii, p. 555; 1894, clxxiii, pp. 63, 186, 313. A monograph on chloroma.

Idem. Ibid., 1898, clxxxii, pp. 98, 317. Résumé of cases of chloroma since his previous publication.

Ayres . Journ. Amer. Med. Assoc. Chicago, 1896, xxvii, p. 986. A case of chloroma with skull nodules.

Alt . Amer. Journ. of Ophthalmol. St. Louis, 1897, xiv, pp. 78–85. Further report on Ayres's case.

Wende . Amer. Journ. Med. Sci., 1901, cxxii, pp. 836–54. A case reported as “Lymphatic Leukæmia apparently developing in the course of Hodgkin's Disease.” A case of lymphæmia with skin nodules.

Lediard . Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1908, i (Clin. Sect.), p. 18, and Report of Pathological Committee on same, ibid., 1909, ii (Clin. Sect.), pp. 41, 44. A case with skin nodules.

Pardee Zeit . Med. Record. New York, 1910, lxxviii, p. 693. A case of leukæmia with skin nodules reported as “Mycosis Fungoides terminating in Lymphatic Leukæmia.”.

Rolleston Fox . Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1909, ii (Derm. Sect.), p. 150. A case of myelæmia with many skin nodules. There is a fuller illustrated report in Brit. Journ. Derm., 1909, xxi, p. 377.

Kreibich . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph. Wien u. Leipz., 1899, xlvii, p. 185. A case of lymphæmia in which there were large pendulous masses on the face.

Glinski . Virchow's Archiv. Berl., 1903, clxxi, p. 101. A case of lymphæmia with skull nodules not of a green colour.

Paltauf . Centralbl. f. allg. Path. u. path. Anat. Jena, 1910, xxi, p. 998. A case of “Mycosis Fungoides with Deposits in Internal Organs”—probably nodular leukæmia.

Malherbe Monnier . Journ. de mal. cut. et syph. Par., 1900, 5me sér., xii, p. 307. A case similar to that of Paltauf above.

Hillier . Trans. Path. Soc. Lond., 1955, vii, p. 337. A case of chloroma with skull nodules in which enucleation of one eye was performed.

Naegeli . Corresp.-Blatt. f. Schweizer Aerzte. Basel, 1910, xl, p. 75. A case of lymphæmia in which there was great enlargement of the retro-peritoneal glands; the patient was operated on for supposed hepatic abscess.

Warthin . Amer. Journ. Med. Sci., 1901. A case of lymphæmia in which the glands and lymph nodes about the appendix were greatly enlarged. The patient suffered an appendicectomy from which he did not recover.

Gumbel . Virchow's Archiv. Berl., 1903, clxxi, pp. 504–23. A case of chloroma with skull nodules and “chloromatous thickening of the mucous membrane of the urethra.”.

Paviot Gallois . Lyon méd., 1896, xxxiii, p. 448, and Province Med. 1896, x, p. 570. A case of chloroma with skull nodules.

Paviot Foyalle . Province Méd., 1897, xi, p. 139. A case of chloroma with skull nodules.

Sutherland . Scot. Med. and Surg. Journ. Edinb., 1902, ii, p. 137. A case of chloroma with skull nodules.

Hutchison . Med. Annual, 1903, xxi, p. 187. A brief résumé of the features of chloroma.

Danlos . Ann. de Derm. et de Syph. Par., 1896, 3me sér., viii, pp. 47, 326. A case of mycosis fungoides with white blood corpuscles 112,500 per cubic millimetre, and blood-picture of myelæmia.

Pelagatti . Monatschr. f. prakt. Derm. Hamb. u. Leipz., 1904, xxxix, pp. 368, 433. A case of mycosis fungoides with white blood corpuscles 120,500 per cubic millimetre, and blood-picture of myelæmia.

Allgeyer . Arch. par le Sci. Med. Torino, 1901, xxv, p. 235. A case of mycosis fungoides with glandular enlargement and white blood corpuscles 40,000 per cubic millimetre.

Pasini . Monatschr. f. prakt. Derm., 1907, xlv, p. 481. A case of mycosis fungoides with white blood corpuscles 87,000 per cubic millimetre, and blood-picture of myelæmia.

Strobel Hazen . Journ. Cut. Dis. New York, 1911, xxix, p. 147. Review of cases of mycosis fungoides in which they find that over half “showed marked increase of mononuclears and at least twelve showed changes in the glands.”.

Seelig . Deutsch. Arch. f. klin. Med. Leipz., 1895, liv, p. 537. A case of lymphatic leukæmia with skin nodules.

Shattuck . Journ. of Cut. Dis., 1904, xxii, p. 118. A case of leukæmia with many skin lesions.

Nicolau . Ann. de Derm. et de Syph. Par., 1904, v, p. 753. Cases of leukæmia with skin nodules and full literature.

Linser . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1906, lxxx, p. 3. Two cases of leukæmia with skin nodules.

Lavenson . Univ. Penn. Med. Bull. Philad., 1909, xxi, p. 178. A case of leukæmia with skin lesions.

Oliver . Lancet, 1882, i, p. 341. A case of leukæmia with skin nodules, one ulcerated. There were also nodules in spleen.

Arning . Verhandl. d. deutsch. derm. Gesellsch., III Congr. Leipz., 1891 (1892), p. 203. A case of skin nodules, but possibly Hodgkin's disease and not leukæmia.

Paltauf . Dermat. Congr. (II Internat.), Wien 1892, pp. 114–156. A paper on the relation of leukæmia and mycosis fungoides.

Riehl . Dermat. Congr. (II Internat.), Wien (1892), Bericht. 1893, p. 156. A case of lymphæmia with skin nodules.

Neuberger . Verhandl. d. deutsch. derm. Gesellsch. (III Congress, Leipz. 1891) 1892, p. 216. A case of leukæmia with skin nodules on cheeks. These grew slowly for some years.

Balfour . Edin. Med. and Surg. Journ., 1835, xliii, p. 319. A case of chloroma with skull tumours.

Durand-Fardel . Journ. hebd. des Prog. des Sci. Med. Par., 1836, iii, p. 207. A case of chloroma with skull nodules.

Dittrich . Prag. Vierteljahrsschrift f. die prakt. Heilk., 1846, ii, p. 104. A case with green tumours on the skull, ribs, c.

King . Monthly Journ. Med. Sci. Edin., 1853, xvii, p. 97. A case with green tumours of the skull—the first mention of the name chloroma.

Aran . Arch. gén. de Méd. Par., 1854, iv, p. 385. A case of “cancer vert” with summary of cases of Balfour, Durand-Fardel, and King.

Lebert . “Traité d'Anatomie pathologique,” Par. 1857, i, p. 323. Report on case of Aran with illustrations.

MacKenzie . “A Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Eye,” Philad., 1855. A case with green skull tumours.

Dressler . Arch. f. path. Anat. (Virchow), 1866, xxxv, p. 605. A case of chloroma with skull nodules.

Huber . Arch. der Heilk. Leipz., 1878, xix, p. 129. A case of chloroma in which the nodules were first noticed in the mammæ. Thorough study of other cases.

Behring Wicherkiewics . Berlin. klin. Wochenschr., 1882, xxxiii, p. 509. A case of chloroma with skull tumours.

Waldstein . Arch. f. path. Anat. (Virchow). Berl., 1883, xci, p. 12. A case with green skull tumours in which leukæmia developed later.

Chiari . Prag. Zeitschr. f. Heilk., 1883, iv, p. 177. A case of chloroma with skull tumours.

Gade . Nord. Med. Arkiv. Stockholm, 1884, xvi, pp. 1–24. A case of chloroma with résumé of ten other cases.

Recklinghausen . Tagebl. d. Naturforscherversamml., Strassb. 1885, p. 421. A case of chloroma with a discussion of its relation to leukæmia.

Horing . Arb. a. d. path. anat. Inst. zu Tübingen. Braunschweig, 1891, i, pp. 180–93. A case of chloroma with skull tumours.

Leber . Arch. f. Ophthalmol. Berl. u. Leipz., 1978, xxiv, 1 Abt., pp. 295–312. A case of leukæmia with tumours of the eyelids and under the temporal muscles. Such tumours as could be seen were of a brown to violet colour—there were some on the conjunctivæ.

Chauvel . Gaz. hebd. Par., 1877, 2 Sér., xiv, pp. 360–63. Quoted by Leber as a case similar to his own. The blood was not examined, but leukæmia was suspected.

Osterwald . Arch. f. Ophthalmol., 1981, xxvii, pp. 203–225. A case of myelæmia with skull nodules, some of which were of a greenish hue. It is reported as an example of the bacterial origin of leukæmia.

Birk . St. Petersburg med. Wochenschr., 1833, viii, p. 377. A case of leukæmia with growths in the orbits, testicles, c.

Kelsch Vaillard . Annales de l'Inst. Pasteur. Par., 1890, iv, p. 276. Mentioned by Dock as a case diagnosed as leukæmia intra vitam, but probably not entitled to that name. Lymphoid nodules formed under the eyelids. Dock does not give reasons for rejecting it.

Harris Moore . Lancet, 1902, i, p. 525. A case of chloroma in which the first symptoms were caused by tumours on the iliac bones; the skull tumours did not develop until a month before death.

Melville Dunlop. Lancet, 1902, i, p. 451. A case of chloroma with skull tumours diagnosed during life, with discussion of some points of interest in the disease.

Sternberg K. Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1902, xv, p. 55. A case of chloroma without involvement of the skull.

Weinberger . (Gesellsch. f. inn. Med. in Wien, February 26, 1903.) Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1903, xvi, p. 461. A case of chloroma in which the stomach was largely involved, and there was albumosuria of the Bence-Jones type.

Hitschmann . Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1903, xvi, p. 1470. A case of chloroma in which there were lesions of the mouth and nodules in the skin, but none in the skull. The glands suppurated.

Schmidt . “Ueber ein Fall von Chlorom” (Inaug. Dissert.), Gottingen, 1895. A case of chloroma with skull and skin nodules.

Nekam . Comptes rend. Congr. internat. de méd., 1897, Moscow, 1899, iv, Sect. 8, pp. 358–63. Skin conditions in leukæmia. A case with nodules in arm, breast, and abdomen.

Dieballa . Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1897, x, p. 523. A case reported as multiple sarcoma of the skin with lymphocytosis.

Pinkus . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph. Wien u. Leipz., 1899, 1, pp. 37–70. Skin conditions in leukæmia with extensive bibliography and consideration of similar conditions in pseudo-leukæmia.

Audry . Journ. des mal. cut. et syph. Par., 1902, 6me Sér., xiv, pp. 243–46. A case with skin nodules.

Klein Steinhaus . Centralb. f. allg. Path. u. path. Anat. Jena, 1904, xv, p. 49. A case of myelæmia with green lesions and without affection of the glands.

Risel . Deutsch. Arch. f. klin. Med. Leipz., 1901, lxxii, p. 31. A case of chloroma with a résumé of the literature of lesions in this disease other than those in the skull.

Koerner . Zeitsch. f. Ohrenheilk. Wiesb., 1896, xxix, p. 92, and Arch. of Otol., New York, 1897, xxvi, p. 289. A case of chloroma in which a radical mastoid operation was performed before a diagnosis was made; the blood was not examined.

Lubarsch . Zeitsch. f. Ohrenheilk., 1898, xxxii, p. 129, and Arch. of Otol., 1898, xxvii, p. 450. Further report of Koerner's case.

Fowler . Internat. Clin. Lond., 1903, 13th Ser., iii, p. 225. Report on the blood in Dunlop's case.

Türk . Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1903, xvi, p. 333. A case of chloroma in which much of the marrow was of a green colour.

Trevithick . Lancet, 1903, ii, pp. 158, 530. A case of chloroma with skull nodules and nodules in breast.

Herringham . St. Bart.s Hosp. Reports (1902), 1903, xxxviii, pp. 117–28. A paper entitled: “Of purpura, and especially that form which occurs in sarcoma, lymphadenoma, and tubercle.” Several cases and references are given, some to cases which were almost certainly examples of nodular leukæmia.

St. Bart.s Hosp. Reports (1907), 1908, xliii, p. 228. Among the “Specimens added to the Museum” are some of a case of chloroma, of which short notes are given.

Hichens . Brit. Med. Journ., 1903, ii, p. 1632. Some remarks on a case of chloroma.

Johannson Moritz . Fol. Hœmat., 1908, vi, p. 243. A case of chloroma without skull nodules.

Hunter . Lancet, 1912, i, pp. 344–5. A case of leukæmia with many skin nodules, and other interesting cases.

Abraham . Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1910, iii (Derm. Sect.), p. 39. A case of anomalous skin lesions—probably an example of nodular leukæmia.

Oertel . Journ. Exper. Med. N.Y., 1899, iv, pp. 569–80. Leukæmia with skin nodules.

Kaposi . “Pathologie u. Therapie der Hautkrankheiten,” Wien, 1883. A consideration of multiple hæmorrhagic sarcoma and allied conditions.

Hazen . Journ. of Cut. Dis., 1911, xxix, pp. 521–41. Two cases of leukæmia with skin nodules, and full bibliography.

Hindenburg . Deutsch. Arch. f. klin. Med. Leipz., 1895, liv, pp. 209–28. Skin nodules in leukæmia.

Firth Ledingham . Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1911, iv (Path. Sect.), pp. 60–9. A case of leukæmia in which there was a diffuse greenish thickening of the scalp.

Hunt . Brit. Med. Journ., 1907, i, p. 1121. A case of chloroma with skull nodules.

Strauss . Charité Ann., 1898, xxiii, pp. 343–64, 434. A case of sarcomatosis—probably an example of nodular leukæmia.

Laache . Ebstein-Schwalbe, Handbuch, Stuttgart, 1900. A case of leukæmia with skull nodules, but no green colour.

Rosenfeld . Zeit. f. klin. Med. Berl., 1901, xlii, pp. 117–128. A case of lymphæmia in which the marrow was unaffected.

Scott . Lancet, 1907, ii, pp. 1527–32. A case of change in type in leukæmia.

Wilkinson . Lancet, 1903, i, p. 1739. On change in type in leukæmia.

Türk . Wiener klin. Wochenschr., 1904, xvii, p. 637. On change in type in leukæmia.

Melland . Trans. Path. Soc. Lond., 1906, lvii, pp. 111–21. On change of type in leukæmia.

Fleshch . Deutsch. med. Wochenschr., 1906, xvi, pp. 619–23. Change of type in leukæmia.

Lucksch . Fol. Hœmat. Leipz., 1906, iii, p. 325. On change of type in leukæmia.

Lucke . Virchow's Archiv. Berl., cxix, p. 461. A case of leukæmia with unaffected bone marrow.

Lehndorrf . Fol. Hœmat., 1910, ix, p. 309. Two cases of chloroma in which only a minority of the lesions were of a green colour.

Petrone . Virchow's Archiv, 1879, lxxviii, p. 370. A case of chloroma.

Türk . Mittheil. d. Gesell. f. inn. Med., in Wien 1903, p. 88. A case of nodular leukæmia.

Dunn . Journ. Path. and Bact., 1911, xv, pp. 20–30. Investigation on the distribution of the blood-forming tissues in the fœtus and early life by means of the oxydase reaction.

Naegeli . “Die Anaemie” 2nd ed. Wien and Leipz. On the origin of blood-cells from blood-vessels.

Schridde . Berlin. klin. Wochenschr., 1906, xliii, p. 889. On the origin of blood-cells from blood-vessels.

Abrahams . “Allchin's Manual of Medicine,” 1903, v, p. 668. A brief résumé of the chief features of chloroma.

Pope Reynolds . Lancet, 1907, i, p. 1351. A case of chloroma with great enlargement of the spleen.

Essex Wynter. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1910, iii (Child. Sect.), p. 96. A case of chloroma with skull lesions.

Hall . Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1909, ii (Med. Sect.), pp. 157–76. A case of chloroma with extensive skull and bone lesions.

Buchanan . “The Blood in Health and Disease,” Liverpool, 1909. A case of chloroma with skull lesions.

Sauterau . Thèse de Par., 1870. On chloroma.

Hingston Fox. Arch. of Surg., 1895, vi, p. 103. A case of leukæmia with skin lesions—probably chloroma.

Higgs . Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1910, iii (Child. Sect.), p. 17. A case reported as sarcomatosis—probably nodular leukæmia.

Rose Bradford Batty Shaw. Trans. Med.-Chir. Soc. Lond., 1898, lxxxi, p. 343. An article on leukæmia with especial reference to the mouth lesions.

Forbes Langmead . Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1908, i (Clin. Sect.), pp. 129–79. A paper on twelve cases of acute leukæmia.

Mracek . “Diseases of Skin” in Saunders's Medical Handbook (Atlas Series), Philad., 1905. Nodules of the skin in leukæmia with bullæ and other lesions.

Schultze . Beitr. z. path. Anat. u. z. allg. Path. Jena, 1906, xxxix, p. 252. A case of leukæmia with “hæmorrhagic vesicles and miliary papules.”.

Stengel . “Diseases of the Blood.” Nothnagel's “Encyclopædia of Practical Medicine” (Amer. Edit.), Philad., 1905, p. 591. A case of leukæmia in which nodules of the skin appeared in the last few days of life, but disappeared before death.

Esbach Bauer . Arch. de mal du Cœur. Par., 1909, ii, p. 338. A case of leukæmia with a single large nodule in the skin of the abdomen.

Kerschbaumer . Arch. f. Ophthal., 1895, iii, p. 99. A case of leukæmia with tumours of the eyelids.

Fussell Jopson Tyler . Philad. Med. Journ., 1899, iii, p. 39. A paper on fifty-seven cases of leukæmia, many of which had skin lesions.

Gollasch . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph. Wien u. Leipz., 1892, xxiv, p. 850. A case of chronic lymphæmia with skin nodules.

Hallopeau Lafitte . Ann. de Derm. et de Syph. Par., 1898, ix, p. 236. A case of chronic lymphæmia with induration and infiltration of the nose and forehead. There was considerable pruritus.

Kreibich . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1908, lxxxix, p. 43. A case of chronic lymphæmia with nodules and pigmentation of skin.

Biesiadecki . Med. Jahrb., Wien 1876, p. 233. A case of chronic lymphæmia with nodules in skin—the first description of this form of nodular leukæmia.

Lang . Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1902, 15, p. 589. Chronic lymphæmia with prurigo-like nodules and urticaria.

Dencker . Journ. Amer. Med. Assoc. Chicago, 1911, lvi, p. 417. A case of chronic lymphæmia in which the breasts were converted into lymphoid tissue, and there was extensive infiltration of nose and lips.

Rusch . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1911, cv, p. 261. A case of chronic lymphæmia in which the appearance of the face suggested leprosy, and there were leukæmic nodules of the legs and arms and urticaria.

Idem. Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1911, cviii, p. 269. A case of chronic lymphæmia with tuberosities on forehead and root of nose.

Heinrich . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1911, cviii, p. 201. A case of lymphæmia of six years' duration with subcutaneous nodules on the arms and legs.

Arndt . Derm. Zeitschr. Berl., 1911, Ergänzungsheft, pp. 1–127. Review of skin lesions in leukæmia and a case.

Winiwarter . Quoted by Nekam (q.v. No. 71). A case of myelæmia with red skin nodules.

Finger . Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 1906, xix, p. 604. A case of leukæmia with papules all over the body.

Kitagawa . Hifu-ku Hitsu Myokikaka. Zasshi, 1907, vii, p. 528. A case of leukæmia with skin nodules.

Brunsgaard . Quoted by Paltauf, “Handbuch der Hautkrankheiten,” Wien, 1909. Two cases of leukæmia with nodules in the skin.

Idem. Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1911, cvi, p. 105. A third case. Myelæmia with bluish skin lesions.

Scholtz Doebel . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1908, xcii, p. 391. A case of leukæmia with nodules on the body.

Halle . Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1909, xciv, p. 144. A case of leukæmia with leontiasis of face—shown as an example of Kaposi's disease.

Arndt . Berl. klin. Wochenschr., 1909, xlvi, 179, p. 227. A case of leukæmia with many skin tumours, vesicles, and pustules.

Jacobaeus . Deutsch. Arch. f. klin. Med. Leipz., 1909, xcvi, p. 7. Two cases of chloroma, one with skin nodules on the body and one with swelling of the lips.

Paltauf . Mracek's “Handbuch der Hautkrankheiten,” Wien, 1909. Mentions a case of leukæmia with nodules of the perineum.

Sternberg C. Beitr. z. path. Anat. u. z. allg. Path. Jena, 1905, xxxvi, p. 437–54. A case of myelæmia with green lesions.

Pffeiffer . “Ueber das Chlorom des Schadels; ein typisches Krankheitsbild,” Münch. med. Wochenschr., 1906, liii, p. 1909–11.

Lehmann . St. Petersb. med. Wochenschr., 1906, xxxi, pp. 411–13. A case of chloroma.

Heyden . “Das Chlorom,” Dissertation, Rostock, 1904. Mentions thirty-seven cases of chloroma.

Miller . Arch. Path. Inst. Lond. Hosp., i, p. 1. A case of chloroma in which some of the lesions are described as lymphosarcomata.

Pappenheim . Zeitschr. f. klin. Med. Berl., 1902, xxxix, pp. 171–93. A case of chronic small round-celled lymphæmia with no discoverable lesions in the gland.

Kelly . Trans. Assoc. Amer. Phys. Philad., 1903, xviii, pp. 481–521. A case of acute lymphæmia with no gland lesions.

Buchanan . Journ. of Bact., 1997, iv, pp. 242–64. A case of acute lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Dennig . Münch. med. Wochenschr., 1900, xlvii, pp. 1297–301. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Pineles . Wien. klin. Rundsch., 1899, xiii, p. 725. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Pollitzer . Wien. klin. Rundsch., 1899, xiii, p. 217. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Rosenfeld . Zeitschr. f. klin. Med., 1901, xlii, pp. 117–28. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Kormoczi . Deutsch. med. Wochenschr. Leipz., 1899, xxv, p. 238. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Hirschlaff . Münch. med. Wochenschr., 1898, xlv, p. 942. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Pappenheim . Zeitschr. f. klin. Med., 1902, xlvii, pp. 216–78. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Walz . Centralbl. f. allg. Path. Jena, 1901, xii, p. 967. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Reed . Amer. Journ. Med. Sci. Philad., 1902, cxxiv, p. 653. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Spencer . Lancet, 1900, i, p. 926. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Hayem Bensaude . La médecine moderne, 1903, xiv, p. 56. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Michaelis Wolff . Deutsch. med. Wochenschr., 1901, xxxvii, p. 651; also Virchow's Archiv, 1902, clxvii, p. 151, and Zeitschr. f. klin. Med., 1902, xiv, p. 385. Lymphæmia without gland lesions.

Brandenberg . Charité Annalen, 1900. Lymphæmia with no gland lesions.

Ewing . “Clinical Pathology of the Blood,” 1904. Discussion, with references to many cases, of various questions raised in this paper.

Crocker . “Diseases of the Skin,” 1903, ii, p. 970. Discussion of cases of skin lesions in leukæmia.

Unna . “Histo-pathology of the Diseases of the Skin” (transl.), Edinb., 1896, p. 618. References to several cases of leukæmia with skin lesions.

Hallopeau Jeanselme . “Sur une sarcomatose cutanée, offrant les caractères d'une lymphangite infectieuse,” Congress of Dermatology, Vienna; Discussion of “Nodular leukæmia and allied conditions,” Dermatol. Congr. (II Internat.), Wien 1892 (Bericht, 1893), pp. 665–77.

Galliard . Quoted from Unna's “Histo-pathology of the Diseases of the Skin,” 1896, p. 620. A case with leontiasis-like infiltration of the face.

Brocq . “Traité élémentaire de Dermatologie pratique,” Par., 1907, p. 790. Discusses the skin lesions in leukæmia.

Phillipert . Quoted from Crocker's “Diseases of the Skin,” 1903, ii, p. 970. A case with nodules of the skin and leontiasis of the face. There were also nodules on mucous membranes of mouth and palate.