The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: Implications for Public Health Policy and Practice

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), Pub. L. No. 111–148, 124 Stat. 119 (March 23, 2010).

Health Care Education and Reconciliation Act, Pub. L. No. 111–152, 124 Stat. 1029 (March 30, 2010).

See: Department of Health and Human Services (US). HealthCare.gov [cited 2010 Sep 12]. Available from: URL: http://www.health-care.gov

See, e.g.: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, The George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services. Health reform GPS [cited 2010 Sep 12]. Available from: URL: http://www.healthreformgps.org

Congressional Budget Office. Letter from Douglas W. Elmendorf, Congressional Budget Office Director, to the Honorable Harry Reid, Senate Majority Leader, March 11, 2010. Table 3 [cited 2010 Sep 12]. Available from: URL: http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/113xx/doc11307/Reid_Letter_HR3590.pdf

PPACA §1201.

PPACA §§1301–1322

PPACA §§1401–1402.

PPACA §1501.

PPACA §1413

PPACA §2001.

U.S. Constitution, Article I, §8.

Rosenbaum S Gruber J . Buying health care, the individual mandate, and the Constitution. N Engl J Med 2010; 363:401–3.

PPACA §1001.

Pub. L. No. 104–191 (104th Cong., 2d sess., 1996).

See: Department of Health and Human Services (US). HealthCare. gov. Understanding the Affordable Care Act: timeline: what's changing and when [cited 2010 Sep 12]. Available from: URL: http://www.healthcare.gov/law/timeline/index.html

National Association of Insurance Commissioners and The Center for Insurance Policy and Research. Letter from Jane Cline, President, NAIC, to the Honorable Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, August 5, 2010 [cited 2010 Sep 12]. Available from: URL: http://www.naic.org/documents/index_health_reform_section_letter_kathleen_sebelius.pdf

United States v Lopez, 514 U.S. 549 (1995).

Public Health Service Act §2723, renumbered by the PPACA.

PPACA §1563.

PPACA §1251

See generally, 75 Fed. Reg. 34538–34570 (June 17, 2010).

PPACA §4105.

PPACA §4106.

PPACA §§1311–1321.

PPACA §1311.

PPACA §§1301–1304.

PPACA §1303.

PPACA §2302.

PPACA §1101.

PPACA Title III.

PPACA §§3011–3015.

Pub. L. No. 111–5 (111th Cong., 1st sess.)

PPACA §§6301–6302.

PPACA §9007.

National Association of Community Health Centers, the Robert Graham Center. Access denied: a look at America's medically disenfranchised. Washington: NACHC and the Robert Graham Center; 2007. Also available from: URL: http://www.graham-center.org/PreBuilt/Access_Denied.pdf [cited 2010 Sep 12].

National Association of Community Health Centers. Expanding health centers under health care reform. June 2010 [cited 2010 Sep 12]. Available from: URL: http://www.nachc.com/client/HCR_New_Patients_Final.pdf

PPACA §§4001 and 4002.

PPACA §10221.

PPACA Title IV, Subtitle B.

PPACA Title V.

PPACA Title VIII.