Health Insurance and the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008: Implications for Public Health Policy and Practice

Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA). Pub. L. No. 110–233, 122 Stat. 881 (May 21, 2008).

29 USC 1182 (b).

GINA, Sec. 105 (b).

GINA, Sec. 101 (d).

See GINA, Sec. 104 “Amendments to Title XVIII of the Social Security Act relating to Medigap.”

See Pub. L. No. 104–191; National Human Genome Research Institute. Federal policy recommendations including HIPAA [cited 2008 Sep 22]. Available from: URL: http://www.genome.gov/11510216.

GINA, Sec. 101 (a).

GINA, Sec. 101 (b).

GINA, Sec. 101 (c).

GINA, Sec. 102 (b).

GINA, Sec. 104 (a).

GINA, Sec. 102 (c).

GINA, Sec. 105.

GINA, Sec. 101 (e).

GINA, Sec. 102 (a)(5).

Hudson KL Holohan MK Collins FS . Keeping pace with the times—the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2661–3.

Rothstein MA . Is GINA worth the wait? J Law Med Ethics 2008;36:174–8.

Allison M. Industry welcomes Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act. Nat Biotechnol 2008;26:596–7.

Genetics & Public Policy Center. U.S. public opinion on uses of genetic information and genetic discrimination, April 24, 2007 [cited 2008 Jul 8]. Available from: URL: http://www.dnapolicy.org/resources/GINAPublic_Opinion_Genetic_Information_Discrimination.pdf.

White C, Meunier J, SteelFisher G. Public perception of genomics/genetic testing: CGAT survey results. PharmaWeek, Cambridge Healthtech Institute, Nov. 4, 2005 [cited 2008 Sep 27]. Available from: URL: http://www.pharmaweek.com/Exclusive_Content/11_4.asp.

Rosenbaum S Borzi PC Burke T Nath SW . Does HIPAA preemption pose a legal barrier to health information transparency and interoperability? BNA Health Policy Rep 2007;15(11). Also available from: URL: http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/chsrp/downloads/BNA_HIPAA_Privacy_Preemption_031907.pdf [cited 2008 Sep 27].

GINA, Sec. 2.

Rosenblatt R, Law S, Rosenbaum S. Law and the American health care system. New York: Foundation Press; 1997.

Alzheimer's Mirror. Alzheimer's genetic testing [cited 2008 Nov 15]. Available from: URL: http://alzmirror.com.

Zick CD Mathews CJ Roberts JS Cook-Deegan R Pokorski RJ Green RC . Genetic testing for Alzheimer's disease and its impact on insurance purchasing behavior. Health Aff (Millwood) 2005;24:483–90.

Waldmann M Verrall TG Lyon CE . United States: New federal law regulates collection and use of genetic information by employers and group health plans, May 23, 2008 [cited 2008 Jun 30]. Available from: URL: http://www.mondaq.com/article.asp?articleid=61012.