The current investigation examined the self-concept and temporality in institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly. Sixty-two participants divided into two groups according to their place of residence participated in the study. The analysis focused on psychopathological scales, on self-concept assessment, its positive or negative valence, its development and the time perspective. The results showed that the institutionalized group was defined more with descriptive evaluations, emotional states, and peripheral information. The non-institutionalized group described themselves more with traits and specific attributes. For some identity statements, the emotional valence between the two groups was significantly different. The institutionalized group is not turned towards a particular temporal perspective, unlike the non-institutionalized who is more forward-looking. Findings suggest that there are differences in self-expression and temporality in our sample. This exploratory study emphasizes the importance of taking into account the self of institutionalized elderly and the temporality in which they are projected upon entering an institution.
AddisD. R.TippettL. J. (2004). Memory of myself: Autobiographical memory and identity in Alzheimer's disease. Memory, 12(1), 56–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210244000423
2.
AitkenM. J. (1982). Self-concept and functional independence in the hospitalized elderly. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy: Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association, 36(4), 243–250.
3.
AltintasE.GalloujK.El HajM. (2018). The shifting self in aging. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 30(12), 1505–1512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-018-1069-8
4.
AnagnostopoulosF.GrivaF. (2012). Exploring time perspective in Greek young adults: Validation of the Zimbardo time perspective inventory and relationships with mental health indicators. Social Indicators Research, 106(1), 41–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-011-9792-y
5.
AndréL.Van VianenE. M.PeetsmaT. D.OortF. J. (2018). Motivational power of future time perspective: Meta-analyzes in education, work and health. Plos One, 13(1), Article e0190492. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.019049
6.
AntonelliE. (1993). Self-concept, self-esteem, and job satisfaction: An empirical investigation with a sample of northern and southern Italian subjects. Rivista di Psicologia del Lavoro e dell'Organizzazione, 1(1), 311–330.
7.
AntonelliE. (1993b). The self-concept: Theory and an empirical investigation with Northern and Southern Italian adult males and females. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Padova.
8.
AntonelliE.RubiniV.FassoneC. (2000). The self-concept in institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly people. The Journal of Economic Perspectives: a Journal of the American Economic Association, 20, 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1999.0159
9.
ApostolidisT.FieulaineN. (2004). Validation française de l’échelle de temporalité. European Review of Applied Psychology, 54(3), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2004.03.001
10.
ÅströmE.RönnlundM.AdolfssonRGrazia CarelliM. (2019). Depressive symptoms and time perspective in older adults: Associations beyond personality and negative life events. Aging & Mental Health, 23(12), 1674–1683. https://doi.0.1080/13607863.2018.1506743
11.
BaltesM. M.WahlH. W.ReichertM. (1991). Successful aging in long-term care institutions. Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 11, 311–337.
12.
BelskyJ. K. (1990). The psychology of aging: Theory, research, and interventions. BrooksCole.
13.
Ben MalekH.PhilippiN.BotzungA.CretinB.BernaF.ManningL.BlancF. (2018). Memories defining the self in Alzheimer’s disease. Memory, 25(7), 698–704. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2018.1554080
14.
CarelliM. G.WibergB.WibergM. (2011). Development and construct validation of the Swedish Zimbardo time perspective inventory. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 27(4), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000076
15.
CarrD.CornmanJ.C.FreedmanV.A. (2019). Do family relationships buffer the impact of disability on older adults’ daily mood? An exploration of gender and marital status differences. Journal of Medicinal Food, 81(3), 729–746. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12557
16.
ChenT.LiuL.CuiJ.ChenX.WangJ.ZhangY.WangY.LiX.NeumannD. L.ShumD. H. K.WangY.ChanR. C. K. (2016). Present-fatalistic time perspective and life satisfaction: The moderating role of age. Personality and Individual Differences, 99, 161–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.017
ConwayM. A.JobsonL. (2012). On the nature of autobiographical memory. Dans D. Berntsen & D. C. Rubin (dirs. Understanding autobiographical memory: Theories and approaches (pp. 54–69). Cambridge University Press.
19.
ConwayM. A.Pleydell-PearceC. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288.
20.
CousinsS. D. (1989). Culture and self-perception in Japan and the United States. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(1), 124–131.
21.
CoutelleR.BernaF.DanionJ. D. (2016). La mémoire autobiographique et le self dans les troubles du spectre autistique sans déficience intellectuelle (TSASDI) à l’âge adulte. Annales Médico-Psychologiques, 175(7), 630–635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2016.03.017
22.
DiehlM.HastingsC. T.StantonJ. M. (2001). Self-concept differentiation across the adult life span. Psychological Aging, 16(4), 643–654.
DorangeM. (2005). Entrée en institution et paroles de vieux. Gérontologie et société, 28(112), 123–139.
25.
DressaireD.BrouilletD. (2006). Effets de la vie en institution des personnes âgées sur leurs stratégies de faire face et sur leur difficulté à verbaliser leurs émotions (alexithymie). Bulletin de psychologie, 6(486), 605–613. https://doi.org/10.3917/bupsy.486.0605
26.
DubuissonF.VuilleminC. (1996). Aggir: Instrument d'évaluation de la (15, pp. 49–57). Retraite dépendance.
27.
DuperreinB. (2013). La maison de retraite, dernière installation. Dans M. Membrado & A. Rouyer (dirs. Habiter et vieillir, vers de nouvelles demeures (pp. 198–213).
FestingerL. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7(2), 117–140.
30.
FieulaineN. (2006). Perspective temporelle, situations de précarité et santé: Une approche psychosociale du temps. Thèse de doctorat. Université de Provence Aix-Marseille 1. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00408117
31.
FittsW. H.WarrenW. L. (1996). Tennessee self-concept Scale (2nd edn). Western Psychological Services.
32.
FolsteinM. F.FolsteinS. E.Mc HughP. R. (1975). Mini Mental State, a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
33.
FritschA.Cuervo-LombardC. (2022). Échelle de temporalité : Validation française d’une version courte de la Zimbardo time perspective inventory (ZTPI). Psychologie Française, 67(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2021.02.004
HenchozK.CavalliS.GirardinM. (2008). Health perception and health status in advanced old age: A paradox of association. Journal of Aging Studies, 22(3), 282–290. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261
36.
KalafatM.Hugonot-DienerL.PoitrenaudJ. (2003). Standardisation et étalonnage français du "Mini Mental State" (MMS) version GRECO. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 13(2), 209–236.
37.
Kaya LefèvreH.Mirabel-SarronC.DocteurA.LeclercV.LaszczA.GorwoodP.BungenerC. (2019). Time perspective differences between depressed patients and non-depressed participants, and their relationships with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Journal of Affective Disorders, 246(1), 320–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.053
38.
KuhnH. R.McPartlandT. S. (1954). An empirical investigation of self-attitudes. Archives of Suicide Research: Official Journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research, 19, 68–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/2088175
39.
Labouvie-ViefG.ChiodoL. M.GoguenL. A.DiehlM.OrwollL. (1995). Representations of self across the life span. Psychology and Aging, 10(3), 404–415.
40.
LawtonM. P.KlebanM. H.RajagopalD.DeanJ. (1992). Dimensions of affective experience in three age groups. Psychology and Aging, 7(2), 171–184. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.7.2.171
41.
L'EcuyerR. (1990). Réorganisation et développement du concept de soi chez les personnes âgées de 60 à 100 ans. Cahiers Internationaux de Psychologie Sociale, 7(8), 119–136.
42.
LépineJ. P.GodchauM.BrunP.LempérièreT. (1985). Évaluation de l’anxiété et de la dépression chez des patients hospitalisés dans un service de médecine interne. Annales Médico-Psychologiques, 143(2), 175–189.
43.
LevyB.EarleywineM. (2003). Discriminating reinforcement expectancies for studying from future time perspective in the prediction of drinking problems. Addictive Behaviors, 29(1), 181–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(03)00073-X
44.
LöckenhoffC.RuttJ. (2016). Age differences in self-continuity : Converging evidence and directions for future research. The Gerontologist, 57(3), 396–408. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx010
45.
LooseT.AcierD.PiletJ. L.SysaykeoJ. (2017). La temporalité. Un facteur déterminant des conduites addictives. Alcoologie et addictologie, 39(2), 111–119.
46.
ManciniA. D.BonannoG. A. (2006). Marital closeness, functional disability, and adjustment in late life. Psychology and Aging, 21(3), 600–610. https://doi/org/10.1037/0882-7974.21.3.600
47.
MarkusH. R.KitayamaS. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224–253. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224
48.
McCraeR. R.CostaP. T.Jr. (1988). Age, personality, and the spontaneous self-concept. Journal of Gerontology, 43(6), 177–185.
49.
McCuskerJ.ColeM.G.VoyerP.MonetteJ.ChampouxN.CiampiA.MinhV.DyachenkoA.BelzileE. (2014). Observer-rated depression in long-term care: Frequency and risk factors. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 58(3), 332–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2013.11.010
50.
McKayM. T.ColeJ. C. (2020). The relationship between balanced and negative time perspectives, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113–383.
51.
McKayM. T.ColeJ. C.AndrettaJ. R. (2016). Temporal profiles relate meaningfully to anxiety and depression in university undergraduates. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 106–109.
52.
MelroseS. (2013). Relocation stress: How staff can help. Canadian Nursing Home, 24(1), 16–19.
NadobnikH.DurczakK.ŁawrynowiczM. (2021). Temporality and the aging self. How subjective time is folding over its linear progression. Journal of Aging Studies, 57, 100933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2021.100933
55.
OasiC.MamanS.BagheriH.FolioP.BelminJ. (2008). Validation of gabi: A simplified computerized assessment of functional decline in geriatrics. Presse Medicale, 37(9), 1195–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lpm.2007.12.013
56.
PrzepiorkaA.Sobol-KwapinskaM.JankowskiT. (2016). A polish short version of the Zimbardo time perspective inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 78–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.047
57.
ReynoldsK.PietrzakR. H.El-GabalawyR.MackenzieC. S.SareenJ. (2015). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in US older adults: Findings from a nationally representative survey. World Psychiatry, 14, 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20193
58.
RheeE.WlemanJ. S.LeeK.RomanR. J. (1995). Spontaneous self- descriptions and ethnic identities in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(1), 142–152.
59.
RosenbergM. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press.
60.
ShuB. CHuangC.ChenB. C. (2003). Factors related to self-concept of elderly residing in a retirement center. The Journal of Nursing Research, 11(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jnr.0000347613.06543.bc
61.
SiuN. Y. F.LamH. H. Y.LeJ. J. Y.PrzepiorkaA. M. (2014). Time perception and time perspective differences between adolescents and adults. Acta Psychologica, 151, 222–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.06.013
62.
Sobol-KwapinskaM.PrzepiorkaA.ZimbardoP. P. (2019). The structure of time perspective: Age-related differences in Poland. Toxicological Sciences: an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology, 28(1), 5–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961463X166568
63.
SowisloJ. F.OrthU. (2013). Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 139, 213–240. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028931
64.
ThomasP.Hazif-ThomasC.PeixR. O. (2008). Les troubles du comportement des personnes âgées. Soins Gérontologie, 13(73), 16–20.
65.
TobinS. S. (1989). The effects of institutionalization. In MarkidesK. S.CooperC. L., (dirs), Aging, stress, and health. John Wiley & Sons (pp 139–163).
66.
TrollL. E.SkaffM. M. (1997). Perceived continuity of self in very old age. Psychology and Aging, 12(1), 162–169.
67.
VallièresE. F.VallerandR. J. (1990). Traduction et Validation Canadienne-Française de l’échelle de l’estime de soi de Rosenberg. International Journal of Psychology, 25(2), 305–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207599008247865
68.
WagnerJ.GerstorfD.HoppmannC.LuszczM. A. (2013). The nature and correlates of self-esteem trajectories in late life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105(1), 139–153. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032279
69.
WatkinsD.YauJ.DahlinB. (1997). The twenty statements test: Some measurement issues. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 28(5), 626–633. https://doi.org/10.1177/002202219728500
70.
WeissenbergerS.Klicperova-BakerM.ZimbardoP.SchonovaK.AkotiaD.KostalJ.GoetzM.RabochJ.PtacekR. (2016). ADHD and Present Hedonism: Time perspective as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation: Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Associationâ??european Renal Association(12), 2016, 2963–2971. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S116721
ZimbardoP. G.BoydJ. N. (1999). Putting time in perspective: A valid, reliable individual-differences metric. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1271–1288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1271
