Staffing Composition,Offender Profiles,and Supervision in China’s Community Corrections

Abstract

In 2003, the Chinese government began the use of community corrections to guide the reeducation and reform of offenders. Scholarly research within the field of community corrections has since begun, but the development of Chinese community corrections research is still in its infancy. There is little information about offenders and community corrections’ institutional organization and staffing. There is a dearth of comprehensive studies on the administrative process of community corrections, particularly pretrial investigation, transition of offenders, supervision, and a reward and punishment system. Thus, this study explored these flaws and omissions through research on offender profiles and the supervisors responsible for the development of Chinese community corrections.

Keywords

China community corrections staffing composition offender profiles supervision

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2014). U.S. correctional population declined by less than 1 percent for the second consecutive year. Retrieved from http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/press/cpus13pr.cfm

Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2016). U.S. correctional population at lowest level since 2002. Retrieved from http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/press/cpus15pr.cfm

City WL Department of Justice. (2013). A report on community corrections of city WL in 2013.

City Y People’s Procuratorate. (2015). A report on criminal execution.

County C Department of Justice. (2014). Strengthen daily management of community corrections.

County D Department of Justice. (2013). The working summary for arrangement and education of community corrections in 2013.

County P Department of Justice. (2014). A report on the work of community corrections.

County T Department of Justice. (2015). Community corrections summary in 2015 and work plan for 2016.

(2016). On further strengthening the management of the community corrections work cohesion with opinions. Retrieved from http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-09/21/content_5110422.htm

10.

Guo

Zheng

(Eds.). (2004). Introduction to community corrections in China. Beijing, China: Law Press.

11.

Guangxi Department of Justice Website. (2016) (Published in Chinese. Last accessed on January 16, 2017).

12.

Hao

(2015). The speech of Vice-Minister Hao Chiyong on national community corrections.

13.

Irwin

Zhang

Wang

(2016). China’s social transformation and the development of rural community corrections. In Donnermeyer

J. F.

(Ed.), The Routledge international handbook of rural criminology (419-428). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

14.

Jiang

Jin

Xiang

Goodlin-Fahncke

Yang

Zhang

(2016). Punitive and rehabilitative orientations toward offenders among community correctional officers in China. The Prison Journal, 96, 771-792.

15.

Jiang

Lambert

Jin

Xiang

Shi

Zhang

(2018). Correlates of organizational commitment among community correctional officers in China. The Prison Journal, 98(1), 60-82.

16.

Jiang

Lambert

Wang

(2007). Correlates of formal and informal social/crime control in China: An exploratory study. Journal of Criminal Justice, 35, 261-271.

17.

Jiang

Lambert

Zhang

Jin

Shi

Xiang

(2016). Effects of work environment variables on job satisfaction among community correctional staff in China. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 43, 1450-1471.

18.

Jiang

Xiang

Chen

Goodlin-Fahncke

Huang

Zhao

(2015). Public support for community corrections in China. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 59, 772-789.

19.

Jiang

Xiang

Chen

Huang

Yang

Zhang

Zhao

(2014). Community corrections in China: Development and challenges. The Prison Journal, 94, 75-96.

20.

Jiang

Zhang

Jin

Xiang

Greenleaf

Liu

(2015). Semiformal crime control and semiformal organizations in China: An empirical demonstration from Chinese community corrections. Asian Journal of Criminology, 10, 287-302.

21.

Jin

(1997). On prisons. Beijing, China: Law Press.

22.

Jin

Sun

Jiang

Wang

Wen

(2016). The impact of job characteristics on burnout among Chinese correctional workers. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. doi:10.1177/0306624X16648419

23.

Justice Department of Zhejiang Province. (2013). Reward and punishment measures for offenders in Zhejiang province community corrections.

24.

(2015). China’s community corrections: An actuarial model of punishment. Crime, Law and Social Change, 64, 1-22.

25.

(2017). The rhetoric and practice of community corrections in China. Asian Journal of Criminology, 12, 143-162.

26.

(2017). 1.9 million offenders entered into community corrections since 2013. Retrieved from http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/zfzz/content/2017-01/16/content_6956586.htm

27.

S. D.

(2014). Toward a cost-effective correctional system: New developments in community-based corrections in China. Victims and Offender, 9, 120-125.

28.

Maolei

(2012, April 26). A report by Wu Aiying to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress about prison law enforcement and prison work. Renming Daily. Retrieved from http://news.163.com./12/0426/06/800EG7FV00014AED.html

29.

Ministry of Justice of China. (2016). A report on the symposium on the development of community corrections center on November 15, 2016 in Rizhao, Shandong.

30.

National Bureau of Statistics of China. (2013). Statistical bulletin for national economic and social development in 2012. Retrieved from http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2013-02/22/content_2338098.htm

31.

National Office of Legislative Affairs of China. (2016). Community corrections law draft of the People’s Republic of China.

32.

State Council Information Office of China. (2016). The white paper of China’s human rights protection in the field of justice. Retrieved from http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2016-09/12/c_1119549617.htm

33.

Sun

Zhao

Ruan

(2012). Using GPS to regulate community correctional offenders.

34.

Wang

(2009). Cumulatively admitted 348 thousands offenders into community corrections pilot programs. Retrieved from http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2009-08/27/content_1403029.htm

35.

(2014). Promoting community corrections and consummating the system of community corrections. Retrieved from http://legal.people.com.cn/n/2014/0825/c188502-25528811.html

36.

Wuhan Department of Justice Website (2016).

37.

Yang

(2015). Community corrections achievements in Liupan.

38.

Yin

(2013). The National People’s Congress Standing Committee passed the decision of the abolition of education through labor system. Retrieved from http://news.qq.com/a/20131228/002943.htm

39.

Yunnan Department of Justice. (2016). Establishing community corrections centers and promoting the standardized community corrections.

40.

Zhao

(2011). China has established its community corrections system. Retrieved from http://finance.ifeng.com/a/20110909/4565167_0.shtml

41.

Zhao

(2012). Consolidating the achievements of the development of local justice offices and comprehensively promoting the judicial and administrative work. Retrieved from http://news.sina.com.cn/o/2012-04-17/093524284589.shtml

42.

Zhou

(2014). China had a net increase of 103,000 offenders in community corrections in the first 11 months in 2013. Retrieved from http://www.chinapeace.gov.cn/2014-01/18/content_10153201.htm

43.

Zhou

(2015a). Promoting community corrections in China. Retrieved from http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/index/content/2015-01/16/content_5930617.htm

44.

Zhou

(2015b). Conscientiously carrying out the plans of national community corrections meeting. Retrieved from http://news.ifeng.com/a/20150421/43600141_0.shtml

45.

Zhou

(2015c). The new achievements of community corrections. Retrieved from http://legal.people.com.cn/n/2015/0709/c188502-27280906.html

46.

Zhu

Cui

(2012). Community correctional volunteers.