Reformers have ignored one factor that could propel student learning: Restoring moral authority to relationships between students and educators.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
ArumR. (2003). Judging school discipline: The crisis of moral authority in American schools.Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
2.
ArumR. & VelezM. (in press). Class and racial differences in U.S. school disciplinary environments. In ArumR. & VelezM. (Eds.), Improving learning environments in schools: Lessons from abroad.Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
3.
ArumR. & PreissD. (2009, Fall). Law and disorder in the classroom. Education Next, 9 (4), 68–76.
4.
BousheyH. & O'LearyA. (2010). Our working nation: How working women are reshaping America's families and economy and what it means for policy makers.Washington, DC: Center for American Progress.
5.
BrykA.S.SebringP.B.AllensworthE.LuppescuS., & EastonJ.Q. (2010). Organizing schools for improvement: Lessons from Chicago.Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
6.
DurkheimE. (1925). Moral education.New York, NY: Free Press.
7.
Goss v. Lopez, 419 U.S. 565 (1974).
8.
MorillC.EdelmanL.TysonK., & ArumR. (2010). Legal mobilization in schools: Towards and neo-institutional theory of racial differences in perceived rights violations and redress among youth. Law and Society Review, 44 (3–4), 651–694.
9.
Morse v. Frederick, 551 U.S. 393 (2007).
10.
PreissD.ArumR.EdelmanL.MorrillC., & TysonK. (2010, August). Hats, cell phones and short skirts: Student understanding about law and authority in schools. Presented at the American Sociological Association annual convention.
11.
RobersS.ZhangJ., & TrumanJ. (2010). Indicators of school crime and safety: 2010. (Report Nos. NCES 2011-002; NCJ 230812). Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education; Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.
12.
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969).
13.
VenturaS.J. (2009, May). Changing patterns of nonmarital childbearing in the United States. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Data Brief, 18, 1–8.