Rice is the staple food of nearly half of the world's population, most of whom live in Asia. For intensive, high-yielding rice production, access to irrigation water and drainage facilities is crucial. Provision of irrigation facilities expanded rapidly in the 1970's and early 1980's in the major rice-producing countries of Asia, but the management of water has remained inefficient. Investments in new irrigation have declined as the rice supply improved and the development of new water resources became increasingly costly. This trend is not likely to be reversed in the foreseeable future. Consequently, improved efficiency in the use of water is needed to maintain rice production growth.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AbrolI. (1987) Salinity and food production in the Indian Subcontinent. In: JordanW.R. (ed.), Waterand Water Policy in World Food Supplies. Texas A&M University Press, College Station.
2.
AlamM. M., and JavedM.Y. (1989) The soil resources of Pakistan, their potential, present state and strategies for conservation. Soil Survey of Pakistan, Islamabad.
3.
BhuiyanS.I. (1991) Irrigation sustainability in rice-growing Asia. International Conference on Water Management for a Sustainable Environment, Saskatoon, Canada.
4.
De DattaS.K. (1981) Principles and Practices of Rice Production. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
5.
GhaniM.A., BhuiyanS.I., and HillR.W. (1989) Gravity irrigation management in Bangladesh, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers115, 646–655.
6.
GhaniM.A., BhuiyanS.I., and HillR.W. (1991) A model to evaluate intensive vs. extensive irrigation practices for rice production in Bangladesh. Agricultural Water Management20, 233–244.
7.
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) (1978) Annual Report for 1977, Manila.
8.
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) (1990) Program Report for 1989, Manila.
9.
Ministry of Agriculture (1990) Govt. of India Publications Division, as reported in Tyagi (1992).
10.
MoyaT.B., dela VinaW.C., and BhuiyanS.I. (1986) The potential of farm reservoir use in increasing productivity in rainfed areas. Philippine Journal of Crop Science11, 125–132.
11.
Murray-RustD.H., and MerreyD.J. (1992) Institutional adaptation and institutional change. Strategy Workshop on Irrigation Agriculture in Southeast Asia Beyond 2000, Lankawi, Malaysia.
12.
PingaliP.L., and de VeraM.V. (1992) Importance of upper water destruction in lowland irrigation infrastructure in the Philippines. Social Sciences Division Paper No. 92–05. IRRI, Manila.
13.
PingaliP.A. (1991) Agricultural growth and the environment: Conditions for their compatability in Asia's humid tropics. In: VoctiS.A., ReadonT., and VonurffW. (eds), Agricultural Sustainability. Growth, and Poverty Alleviation: Issues and Policies. IFPRI and DSE, Felding.
14.
PusposutardjoS., and SutrisnoL. (1992) Irrigated agriculture in Indonesia beyond 2000. Strategy Workshop on Irrigated Agriculture in Southeast Asia Beyond 2000, Lankawi, Malaysia.
15.
SattarM.A. (1992) Water management and technology adoption for direct seeded rice in an irrigation system. Unpublished PhD thesis, Central Luzon State University, Philippines.
16.
TabbalD.F., LampayanR.M., and BhuiyanS.I. (1992) Water-efficient irrigation technique for rice. In: MurtyV.V.N, and KogaK. (eds), Soil and Water Engineering for Paddy Field Management. Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok.
17.
TyagiN.K. (1992) Environmental issues in water resources development in India. Environmental Issues in Land and Water Development. Regional Office for Asia and Pacific, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Bangkok.
18.
YoshidaS. (1981) Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science. International Rice Research Institute, Manila.
