Recent years have seen increasing attention given to the ways that mankind is influencing the atmosphere. Of considerable interest is the ‘greenhouse effect’ and its potential for significantly changing the climate. This article outlines the meteorology involved and the approaches used to estimate those changes.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BolinB., DöösB. R., JägerJ., and WarrickR. A. (eds) (1986) The Greenhouse Effect, Climatic Change and Ecosystems (Scope 29). John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, 541 pp.
2.
DickinsonR. E. (1986) How will climate change? In: BolinB., DöösB. R., JägerJ., and WarrickR. A. (eds), The Greenhouse Effect, Climatic Change and Ecosystems (Scope 29). John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, pp. 206–270.
3.
DickinsonR. E., and CiceroneR. J. (1986) Future global warming from atmospheric trace gases. Nature UK319, 109–15.
4.
HansenJ., FungI., LacisA., RindD., LebedeffS., RuedyR., RussellG., and StoneP. (1988) Global climatic changes as forecast by the Goddard Institute for Space Studies three dimensional model, Journal of Geophysical Research93, D8, 9341–9364.
5.
HareF. K. (1988) Jumping the Greenhouse Gun?Nature UK33, 646.
6.
KarlT. R., and QuayleR. G. (1989) Temperature changes in the Modern Climate Record: how should this information be used to detect the ‘Greenhouse Effect’? Sixth Conference on Applied Climatology, Charleston, South Carolina. American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA.
7.
LaiM., and RamanathanV. (1984) Effects of moist convection and water vapour radiative processes on climate sensitivity, Journal of Atmospheric Science41, 2238–2249.
8.
MitchellJ. F. B. (1989) The greenhouse effect and climate change. Reviews of Geophysics27, 115–139.
9.
MitchellJ. F. B., and WarrilowD. A. (1987) Summer dryness in northern mid-latitudes due to increased CO2. Nature330, 238–240.
10.
MitchellJ. F. B., SeniorC. A., and IngramW. J. (1989) CO2 and Climate: a missing feedback?Nature UK341, 132–134.
11.
RamanathanV.CiceroneR. J., SinghH. B., and KichlJ. T. (1985) Trace gases and trends and their potential role in climate change, Journal of Geophysical Research90, 5547–5566.
12.
ReifsnyderW. E. (1989) A tale of ten fallacies: the skeptical enquirer's view of the carbon dioxide/climate controversy. Agriculture and Forest Meteorology47, 349–371.
13.
StoufferR. J., ManabeS., and BryanK. (1989) Interhemispheric asymmetry in climate response to a gradual increase of atmospheric CO2. Nature UK342, 660–662.
14.
WetheraldR. T., and ManabeS. (1975) The effects of changing the solar constant on the general circulation model. Journal of Atmospheric Science32, 2044–2059.
15.
WigleyT. M. L., JonesP. D., and KellyP. M. (1986) Empirical climate change induced by radiatively active gases. In: BolinB., DöösB. R., JägerJ., and WarrickR. A. (eds), The Greenhouse Effect, Climatic Change and Ecosystems (Scope 29). John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, pp. 271–323.
16.
WilsonC. A., and MitchellJ. F. B. (1987a) A doubled CO2 climate sensitivity experiment with a global climate model including a simple ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research92, D11, 13315–13343.
17.
WilsonC. A., and MitchellJ. F. B. (1987b) Simulated climate and CO2-induced climate change over western europe. Climate Change10, 11–42.
18.
RowntreeP. R., CallanderB. A., and CochraneJ. (1989) Modelling climate change and some potential effects on agriculture in the UK. Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, 153–170.