The genus Citrus and its relatives in the Rutaceae family are believed to have originated in southeastern Asia. Travellers, emigrants, and traders carried the more edible selections westward, establishing them in Africa and southern Europe by the 10th century AD. Christopher Columbus reported distribution of seeds in America on his second voyage in 1493. Citrus has been cultivated in Japan for many centuries since its introduction from China. Today it exists in every tropical country and in those portions of all subtropical countries where winter temperatures fall no lower than about—9 C. It is a crop very adaptable to soils, terrain, planting, and cultural arrangements, and over 100 nations reported citrus production in 1980.
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