The zebu (Bos indicus) cattle in East Africa, totalling over 18 million head, are extraordinarily well adapted to their harsh environment. Neglected by their owners, and often condemned as causes of soil erosion, they are still almost the sole effective means of winning humanfoodfrom the immense semi-arid areas of intractable thorn-bush and woodland of the region, so the need for controlling avoidable loss through ticks is urgent.
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