Edwin Gordon , Learning Sequences in Music: Skill, Content, and Patterns (Chicago: GIA Publications , 1984); Daniel Kohut, Instrumental Music Pedagogy: Teaching Techniques for School Band and Orchestra Directors (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973); Shinichi Suzuki, Nurtured by Love: The Classic Approach to Talent Education (New York: Exposition Press, 1984).
2.
Suzuki, Nurtured by Love , 9-17.
3.
Kohut, Instrumental Music Pedagogy, 4.
4.
Diane C. Berry and Zoltan Dienes, Implicit Learning: Theoretical and Empirical Issues (Hove , England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1993).
5.
Ibid., 2.
6.
Bruce Torff, "Into the Wordless World: Implicit Learning and Instructor Modeling in Music," in Ithaca Conference '96-Music as Intelligence: A Sourcebook, ed. Verna Brummett (Ithaca, NY: Ithaca College, 1997), 79.
7.
Keith Swanwick, Musical Knowledge: Intuition, Analysis and Music Education ( London: Routledge, 1994); Torff, "Into the Wordless World."
8.
Donald Wilkinson, Playing Naturally: A Wind Musicians and Music Educators Guide to Intuitive Musicianship (unpublished manuscript, University of Texas at El Paso, 2000).
9.
Marc Dickey , "A Review of Research on Modeling in Music Teaching and Learning," Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education113 (1992): 27-40.
10.
James Anderson , "Effects of Tape-Recorded Aural Models on Sight-Reading and Performance Skills," Journal of Research in Music Education29, no. 1 ( 1981): 23-30; Judith Delzell, "The Effects of Musical Discrimination Training in Beginning Instrumental Music Classes," Journal of Research in Music Education37, no. 1 (1989): 21-31; Marc Dickey, "A Comparison of Verbal Instruction and Nonverbal Teacher-Student Modeling in Instrumental Ensembles," Journal of Research in Music Education39, no. 2 (1991): 132-42; Fraser Linklater, "Effects of Audio- and Videotape Models on Performance Achievement of Beginning Clarinetists ," Journal of Research in Music Education45, no. 3 (1997): 402-14; Roseanne Rosenthal, "The Relative Effects of Guided Model, Model Only, Guide Only, and Practice Only Treatments on the Accuracy of Advanced Instrumentalists' Musical Performance," Journal of Research in Music Education32, no. 4 (1984): 265-73; Richard Sang, "A Study of the Relationship between Instrumental Music Teachers' Modeling Skills and Pupil Performance Behaviors," Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education91 ( 1987): 155-59; William Zurcher, "The Effect of Model-Supportive Practice on Beginning Brass Instrumentalists ," in Research in Music Behavior, ed. Clifford K. Madsen, R. Douglas Greer, and Charles H. Madsen Jr. ( New York: Teachers College Press, 1975), 131-38.
11.
Malcolm Tait, "Teaching Strategies and Styles," in Handbook of Research on Music Teaching and Learning, ed. Richard Colwell (New York: Schirmer Books , 1992), 525-34.
12.
Wilkinson, Playing Naturally , 14.
13.
Howard Gardner, The Arts and Human Development (New York: Basic Books, 1994).
