Facer-IrwinEKaratziasTBirdA, et al.PTSD And complex PTSD in sentenced male prisoners in the UK: Prevalence, trauma antecedents, and psychiatric comorbidities. Psychol Med2022; 52: 2794–2804.
2.
MazherSAraiT. Behind bars: a trauma-informed examination of mental health through importation and deprivation in prisons. Eur J Trauma Dissoc2025; 9: 100516.
3.
CoelhoJBarrosSDiasD, et al.The mental health outcomes of trauma-informed intervention programs in prisons: A systematic review. Crim Justice Behav2025; 52: 1643–1662. (Original work published 2025).
4.
CovingtonSSRussoEM. Healing trauma: a brief intervention for women. Facilitator guide. 2nd Ed.Minnesota: Hazelden Publishing, 2016.
5.
BowenEMurshidNS. Trauma-informed social policy: A conceptual framework for policy analysis and advocacy. Am J Public Health2016; 106: 223–229.
6.
Crole-ReesCTomlinJKalebicN, et al.An optimal trauma-informed pathway for PTSD, complex PTSD and other mental health and psychosocial impacts of trauma in prisons: An expert consensus statement. Psychol Crime Law2024; 25: 1–22.
7.
DonischKBrayCGewirtzA. Child welfare, juvenile justice, mental health, and education providers’ conceptualizations of trauma-informed practice. Child Maltreat2016; 20: 125–134.
8.
HansonRFLangJ. A critical Look at trauma-informed care among agencies and systems serving maltreated youth and their families. Child Maltreat2016; 21: 95–100.
9.
YatchmenoffDSundborgSDavisM. Implementing trauma-informed care: Recommendations on the process. Adv Soc Work2017; 18: 67.
10.
HansonRFLangJMFraserJG, et al.Trauma-informed care: Definitions and statewide initiatives. In: KlikaJBConteJR (eds) The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2018, pp.272–291.
11.
FallotRHarrisM. Trauma-informed approaches to systems of care. Trauma Psychol News2008; 3: 6–7.
12.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. SAMHSA’s concept of trauma and guidance for a trauma-informed approach. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2014.j
13.
DaviesJPittCO’MearaA. Learning lessons from implementing enabling environments within prison and probation: separating standards from process. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol2018; 63: 218–231. (Original work published 2019).
14.
FreestoneMKuesterL. Psychologically informed planned environments. In: HobokenNJ (ed.) The Wiley handbook of what works in correctional rehabilitation: An evidence-based approach to theory, assessment and treatment. New Jersey, USA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2024, pp.327–336. ISBN 978-1-119-89306-6.
15.
RodriguezKWebsterMMcareeC, et al.Standards for prison mental health services. 6th ed. London, UK: Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2023.
16.
ChampineRBLangJMNelsonAM, et al.Systems measures of a trauma-informed approach: a systematic review. Am J Community Psychol2019; 64: 418–437.
17.
VASWANINPAULS. It's knowing the right things to say and do’: Challenges and opportunities for trauma-informed practice in the prison context. Howard J Crime Justice2019; 58: 513–534.
18.
AutyKMLieblingASchlieheA, et al.What is trauma-informed practice? Towards Operationalisation of the concept in two prisons for women. London, UK: Criminology & Crim, 2023.
19.
KubiakSCovingtonSHillerC. Trauma-informed corrections. In: SpringerDRobertsA (eds) Social work in juvenile and criminal justice system. 4th ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 2017, pp. 92–104.
20.
BloomS. The sanctuary model of trauma-informed organizational change. The Source: The National Abandoned Infants Assistance Resource Center2007; 16: 12–14. 16.
21.
MagruderKMMcLaughlinKAElmore BorbonDL. Trauma is a public health issue. Eur J Psychotraumatol2017; 8: 1375338.
22.
TebesJChampineRMatlinS, et al.Population health and trauma-informed practice: Implications for programs, systems, and policies. Am J Community Psychol2019; 64: 494–508.
23.
NiñoMDDrawveGAllisonK. Intersections of crime and health: Structural inequalities, spatial dynamics, and policy. J Crime Justice2025; 48: 151–156.
24.
Becker-BleaseKA. As the world becomes trauma–informed, work to do. J Trauma Dissoc2017; 18: 131–138.
25.
Traumatic Stress Institute. Measuring Trauma-Informed Care Series. (Monograph). New Britain, CT: Steven Brown, 2020, February.
26.
WillieM. Population and target population in research methodology. Golden Ratio of Social Science and Education2024; 4: 75–79.
27.
RutterHSavonaNGlontiK, et al.The need for a complex systems model of evidence for public health. Lancet2017; 390(10112): 2602–2604.
28.
McGillEErVPenneyT, et al.Evaluation of public health interventions from a complex systems perspective: A research methods review. Soc Sci Med2021; 272: 113697.
29.
ChoiKRGraham-BermannSA. Developmental considerations for assessment of trauma symptoms in preschoolers: A review of measures and diagnoses. J Child Fam Stud2018; 27: 3427–3439.
30.
EklundKRossenEKoriakinT, et al.A systematic review of trauma screening measures for children and adolescents. Sch Psychol Q2018; 33: 30–43.
31.
KelmanJPalmerLGribbleR, et al.Time and care: A qualitative exploration of Prisoners’ perceptions of trauma-informed care in women’s prisons. Int J Forensic Ment Health2024; 23: 321–332.
32.
EdgemonTGClay-WarnerJ. Inmate mental health and the pains of imprisonment. Soc Ment Health2019; 9: 33–50.
33.
Levine, et al.2018.
34.
VilhjalmsdottirAHalldorsdottirSSigurdardottirS. Women's lived experience of the interconnectedness of trauma, substance use, and prison. J Forensic Nurs2023; 19: 3–11.
35.
ForresterATillASimpsonA, et al.Mental illness and the provision of mental health services in prisons. Br Med Bull2018; 127: 101–109.
36.
JewkesYJordanMWrightS, et al.Designing ‘healthy’ prisons for women: Incorporating trauma-informed care and practice (TICP) into prison planning and design. Int J Environ Res Public Health2019; 16: 3818.
37.
SweeneyAFilsonBKennedyA, et al.A paradigm shift: Relationships in trauma-informed mental health services. BJPsych Advances2018; 24: 319–333.
38.
VamvakasGJarrettMBarrettB, et al.The effectiveness of the offender personality disorder pathway: A propensity score-matched analysis. Psychol Crime Law2025; 31: 716–736.
39.
GeorgiouMTownsendK. Quality network for prison mental health services: Reviewing the quality of mental health provision in prisons. J Forens Psychiatry Psychol2019; 30: 794–806.
