SteinbergA. Prone restraint cardiac arrest: a comprehensive review of the scientific literature and an explanation of the physiology. Med Sci Law2021.
2.
VilkeGNeumaTChanT. Response to: prone restraint cardiac arrest: a comprehensive review of the scientific literature and an explanation of the physiology. Med Sci Law2021.
3.
ChanTCVilkeGMNeumanT, et al. Restraint position and positional asphyxia. Ann Emerg Med1997; 30: 578–586.
4.
WassermanKHansenJESueDY, et al. Principles of exercise testing and interpretation. 2nd ed. Lea & Febiger: A Waverly Company, 1994, P123.
5.
CaryNRBRobertsCACumminARC, et al. The effect of simulated restraint in the prone position on cardiorespiratory function following exercise in humans. J Physiol2000; 525: 30P–31P.
6.
HickJLSmithSWLynchMT. Metabolic acidosis in restraint-associated cardiac arrest. A case series. Acad Emerg Med1999; 6: 239–243.
7.
RoegglaGRoegglaHMoserB, et al. Cardiorespiratory consequences of the hobble restraint. Acad Emerg Med1999; 6: 1076–1077.
8.
ChanTCNeumanTClausenJ, et al. Weight force during prone restraint and respiratory function. Am J Forensic Med Pathol2004; 25: 185–189.
9.
ParkesJCarsonR. Sudden death during restraint: do some positions affect lung function?Med Sci Law2008; 48: 137–141.
10.
SavaserDJCampbellCCastilloEM, et al. The effect of the prone maximal restraint position with and without weight force on cardiac output and other hemodynamic measures. J Forensic Leg Med2013; 20: 991–995.
11.
WetterslevMMøller-SørensenH, Johansen RR, Perner A. Systematic review of cardiac output measurements by echocardiography vs. thermodilution: the techniques are not interchangeable. Intensive Care Medicine. Systematic Review2016; 42; 1223–1233.
12.
BackofenJE. Hemodynamic changes with prone position during general anesthesia. Anesth Analg1985; 64: 194–194.
13.
YokoyamaMUedaWHirakawaM, et al. Hemodynamic effect of the prone position during anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand1991; 35: 741–744.
14.
HoJDDawesDMMooreJC, et al. Effect of position and weight force on inferior vena cava diameter – implications for arrest-related death. Forensic Sci Int2011; 212: 256–259.
15.
KrauskopfAMayerhoeferMOberndorferF, et al. Does weight force application to the lower torso have an influence on inferior vena cava and cardiovascular parameters?Am J Emerg Med2008; 26: 603–607.
16.
StrattonSJRogersCBrickettK, et al. Factors associated with sudden death of individuals requiring restraint for excited delirium. Am J Emerg Med2001; 19: 187–191.
17.
MichaudA. Restraint related deaths and excited delirium syndrome in Ontario (2004–2011). J Forensic Leg Med2016; 41: 30–35.
18.
Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody. Report of the Cross-Sector Restraint Workshop held in May 2010. 2010.
19.
DijkhuizenLGKubatBDuijstWL. Sudden death during physical restraint by the Dutch police. J Forensic Leg Med2020:72;101966.
20.
Vilke GChanTC. Positional and restraint asphyxia. In: RossDVilkeG (eds) Guidelines for investigating officer-involved shootings, arrest-related deaths, and deaths in custody. 2017, p.159.
21.
NeumanT. Positional and restraint asphyxia. In: RossDLChanTC (eds) Sudden deaths in custody. 1st ed. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2006, p.54.