Abstract
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
O’Donovan
S
Van Den Heuvel
C
Baldock
M
, et al .
Childhood cycling fatalities in South Australia before and after the introduction of helmet legislation. Med Sci Law 2020 ;
60 : 196 –199 .
2.
Clarke
CF
, Evaluation of Australia's bicycle helmet laws. The Sports Science Summit, O2, London, UK, 13–15 January, http://www.cycle-helmets.com/au-assessment-2015.pdf (2015, accessed 20 February 2021 ).
3.
Australian Transport Safety Bureau Road crash data and rates 1925 to 2002. https://www.infrastructure.gov.au/roads/safety/publications/2003/pdf/Stats_Aust_9.pdf (2003, accessed 20 February 2021 ).
4.
Data from Jake Premrl Project Officer Transport Analytics Department for Infrastructure and Transport for Infrastructure and Transport, South Australia (11 March 2021 ).
5.
Clarke CF. Evaluation of Australia's bicycle helmet laws. The Sports Science Summit, O2, London, UK, 13–13 January, http://www.cycle-helmets.com/au-assessment-2015.pdf (2015, accessed 20 February 2021 ).
6.
New Zealand Household Travel Survey 2009–2013 Cycling, Table 6, May 2013, https://bikeon.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Cycling-NZ-Household-Travel-Survey-2011-to-2014.pdf (2013, accessed 20 February 2021 ).
7.
Curnow WJ. Bicycle helmets: a scientific evaluation. In: De Smet A (ed.), Transportation accident analysis and prevention . Hauppage: Nova Science Publishers, 2008 , pp. 141 –177 .
8.
Hutchinson TP., Kloeden CN. and Long AD. Patterns of bicycle crashes in South Australia. CASR report series, CASR028, June 2006 , http://casr.adelaide.edu.au/publications/researchreports/CASR028.pdf (2006, accessed 20 February 2021).
9.
Olivier
J
and
Creighton
P.
Bicycle injuries and helmet use: a systematic review and meta-analysis . Int J Epidemiol 2017 ;
46 : 278 –292 .
10.
Attewell
RG
Glase
K
and
McFadden
M.
Bicycle helmet efficacy: a meta-analysis . Accid Anal Prev 2001 ;
33 : 345 –352 .
11.
Høye
A.
Bicycle helmets – to wear or not to wear? A meta-analyses of the effects of bicycle helmets on injuries. Accid Anal Prev 2018 ;
117 : 85 –97 .
12.
Persaud
N
Coleman
E
Zwolakowski
D
, et al .
Nonuse of bicycle helmets and risk of fatal head injury: a proportional mortality, case-control study. CMAJ 2012 ;
184 : E921 –923 .
13.
Goldacre
B
and
Spiegelhalter
D.
Bicycle helmets and the law. BMJ 2013 ;
346 : f3817.
14.
Clarke CF. Evaluating cycling fatality risk with a focus on cycle helmet use, https://trid.trb.org/view/1635854, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349211988_Evaluating_Cycling_Fatality_Risk_with_a_Focus_on_Cycle_Helmet_Use_revised (2018, accessed 20 February 2021 ).
15.
Clarke CF. Weaknesses with a meta-analysis approach to assessing cycle helmets, https://trid.trb.org/view/1491227, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314135074_Weaknesses_with_a_meta-analysis_approach_to_assessing_cycle_helmets (2017 , accessed 25 April 2021).
16.
Clarke CF. and Gillham C. Effects of bicycle helmet wearing on accident and injury rates. GB National Road Safety Conference, November 2019, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337367329_Effects_of_bicycle_helmet_wearing_on_accident_and_injury_rates (2019, accessed 20 February 2021 ).