A description is given of an experiment in which an attempt was made to show that audio-visual feedback is more effective in intonation learning than auditory feedback. The factors in the experiment were feedback mode and practice time. The results showed a significant effect of audio-visual feedback over auditory feedback, whereas practice time did not seem to be a major factor. Feedback modality was shown to influence learning behavior. -
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Abberton, E. and Fourcin, A. ( 1975). Visual feedback and the acquisition of intonation . In E.H. Lenneberg and E. Lenneberg (eds.), Foundations of Language Development, 2, (New York), pp. 157-165.
2.
Annett, J. ( 1969). Feedback and Human Behaviour ( Harmondsworth ).
3.
Borden, G.J. ( 1979). An interpretation of research on feedback interruption in speech. Brain & Language, 7, 307-319.
4.
Bot, K. de ( 1980a). The role of feedback and feedforward in the teaching of pronunciation - An overview. System, 8, 35-47.
5.
Bot, K. de ( 1980b). Evaluation of intonation acquisition; a comparison of methods. International Journal of Psycholinguistics, 7, 81-92.
6.
Bot, K. de ( 1981). Intonation teaching and pitch control. ITL - Review of Applied Linguistics, 52 (2), 31-42.
7.
Fairbanks, G. ( 1954). A theory of the speech mechanism as a servosystem . Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 19,133-139.
8.
Gilbert, J.B. ( 1980). Prosodic development: Some pilot studies. In S. Krashen and R. Scarcella (eds.), Research in Second Language Acquisition ( Rowley, Mass.), pp. 107-117.
9.
Hengstenberg, P. ( 1980). Suprasegmentalia und Aspekte ihrer Vermittlung in Sprachlichen Lehr- und Lernprozessen (Tübingen ).
10.
James, E. ( 1976). The acquisition of prosodic features of speech using a speech visualizer. International Review of Applied Linguistics , 14, 227-243.
11.
Jensen, E. and Westermeier, G. ( 1968). The Effect of Visual Feedback on Pronunciation in Foreign Language Learning. Microfiche ED 015-689.
12.
Kolk, H., Els, T. van and Rietveld, A. ( 1977). Die Visualisierung von Intonationsmustern im Fremdsprachenunterricht: Eine experimentelle Beurteilung. In H. Kelz (ed.), Phonetische Grundlagen der Ausspracheschulung, 1, Forum Phoneticum, 4 (Hamburg), pp. 199-216.
13.
Lane, H. and Buiten, R. ( 1966). A self-instructional device for conditioning accurate prosody. In A. Valdman (ed.), Trends in Language Teaching (New York), pp. 159-174.
14.
Lieberman, P. ( 1965). On the acoustic basis of the perception of intonation by linguists. Word, 21, 40-45.
15.
Maccarthy, P. ( 1976). Auditory and articulatory training for the language teacher and learner. English Language Teaching, 20, 212-219.
16.
Neufeld, G.G. ( 1978). On the acquisition of prosodic and articulatory features in adult language learning. Canadian Modern Language Review , 1, 165-174.
17.
Rivers, W.M. and Temperley, M.S. ( 1978). A Practical Guide to the Teaching of English ( Oxford).
18.
Rosenthal, R. ( 1973). Estimating effective reliabilities in studies that employ judges' ratings. Journal of Clinical Psychology , 29, 342-345.
19.
Rossum, N. van and B Oves, L. ( 1978). An analog pitch-period extractor. Proceedings, Institute of Phonetics, Nijmegen, 2, 1-17.
20.
Teslaar, A. van ( 1965). Learning new sound systems, problems and prospects . International Review of Applied Linguistics, 3, 79-93.
21.
Vardanian, R. ( 1964). Teaching English intonation through oscilloscope displays . Language Learning, 14, 109-118.
22.
Weltens, B. and de Bot, K. ( 1984). Visual feedback of intonation II : Feedback-delay and quality of feedback. Language and Speech, 27 (forthcoming).
23.
Wichern, P.U.M. ( 1978). On the design of efficient median smoothers. Proceedings , Institute of Phonetics, Nijmegen, 2, 18-28.
24.
Wichern, P.U.M. and Boves, L. ( 1980). Visual feedback of F0 -curves as an aid in learning intonation-contours . Proceedings, Institute ofPhonetics, Nijmegen, 4, 53 -63.