D.C. Berliner , "Impediments to the Study of Teacher Effectiveness," Paper presented at the National Invitational Conference on Teacher Effects , The University of Texas atAustin , November 1975.
2.
M.J. Dunkin , and B.J. Biddle, The Study of Teaching ( New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1974).
3.
Berliner, op. cit.
4.
J.S. Coleman , et al., Equality of Educational OpportunityWashington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Office of Education, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1966).
5.
C. Jencks, M. Smith, H. Acland, M.J. Cohen, H. Gintis, B. Heyns, and S. Michelson, Inequality—A Reassessment of the Effect of Family and Schooling in America . (New York: Basic Books , 1972).
6.
F.J. McDonald , "Research on Teaching and Its Implication for Policy Making." Paper presented at the National Invitational Conference on Teacher Effects, The University of Texas at Austin, November 1975.
7.
B. Rosenshine , N.F. Furst, "The Use of Direct Observation to Study Teaching," In Second Handbook on Research on Teaching ed., M.W. Travers ( Chicago: Rand McNally, 1973).
8.
F.N. Lord, "Elementary Models for Measuring Change." In Problems in Measuring Change, ed., C.W. Harris (Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press , 1963).
9.
L.J. Cronbach , and L. Furby, "How We Should Measure Change—Or Should We?" Psychological Bulletin74 (1970): 68-80.
10.
C. Bereiter , "Some Persisting Dilemmas in the Measurement of Change. In Problems in Measuring Change, ed., C.W. Harris (Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1963).
11.
N.L. Gage, "A Factorially Designed Experiment on Teacher Structuring, Soliciting, and Reacting," Occasional Paper No. 7 (Stanford, Calif. : Stanford Center for Research and Development in Teaching , n.d.). also reported in this Journal issue.
12.
L.S. Feldt , "A Comparison of the Precision of Three Experimental Designs Employing a Concomitant Variable." Psychometrika23 (1958): 335-53.
13.
Cronbach and Furby, op. cit
14.
F.N. Lord, "Further Problems in the Measurement of Growth," Educational and Psychological Measurement18 ( 1958): 437-54.
15.
J.C. Nunally , Psychometric Theory (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967), p. 155.
