This paper reviews studies on oligophrenia (mental retardation) in the Soviet Union published between 1970 and 1980 in Defectologia (Defectology) and Voprosy Psikhologii (Problems of Psychology). The major findings reveal that there are more males than females among the oligophrenic and seriously emotionally disturbed, that there is a higher percentage of oligophrenic mothers than fathers of children who are oligophrenic, and that there is an associative clustering defect among oligophrenics. The findings are of interest, since children in the Soviet Union live in an environment which is culturally, linguistically, and socially different from that in the United States.
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