A review of surveillance programs for infants and young handicapped children conducted by physicians is presented. Significant implications for early identification programs for preschool children are: (a) Screening systems should include multiple sources of data upon which decisions are made about children; (b) conceptually, screening should include procedures that assess the ongoing transaction between the child and the care-givers in his/her environment; and (c) surveillance should be conducted serially over time rather than employ a binary outcome procedure.
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