The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of computer-based video instruction to teach generalized reading of words found on grocery store aisle signs and the location of the corresponding grocery items within those aisles. A multiple probe design across three sets of words, replicated across four students with moderate intellectual disabilities, was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the computer-based video program. All training sessions occurred through simulation using the computer-based program with "life-like" video recordings of multiple examples of three grocery stores. All generalization probes, including generalized reading of target words in a novel grocery store, were assessed in actual grocery stores. Results indicated that the computer-based video program alone was successful in teaching generalized reading of aisle signs and the location of items and that students generalized responding to a novel grocery store. Results are discussed in terms of the advantages of computer-based video instruction.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Aeschleman, S.R., & Schladenhauffen, J. (1984). Acquisition, generalization and maintenance of grocery shopping skills by severely mentally retarded adolescents . Applied Research in Mental Retardation, 5, 245-258.
2.
Alcantara, P.R. (1994). Effects of videotape instructional package on purchasing skills of children with autism. Exceptional Children , 61, 40-55.
3.
Baumgart, D., & VanWalleghem, J. (1987). Teaching sight words: A comparison between computer-assisted and teacher-taught methods. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 22, 56-65.
4.
Billingsley, F.F., White, O.R., & Munson, R. (1980). Procedural reliability: A rationale and an example . Behavioral Assessment, 2, 229-241.
5.
Browder, D.M., & Lalli, J.S. (1991). Review of research on sight word instruction. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 12, 203-228.
6.
Browder, D.M., & Xin, Y.P. (1998). A meta-analysis and review of sight word research and its implications for teaching functional reading to individuals with moderate and severe disabilities. The Journal of Special Education , 32, 130-153.
7.
Browning, P., & White, W.A.T. (1986). Teaching life enhancement skills with interactive video-based curricula. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 21, 236-244.
8.
Browning, P., White, W.A.T., Nave, G., & Barkin, P.Z. (1986). Interactive video in the classroom: A field study . Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 21, 85-92.
9.
Bull, G.L., Cochran, P.S., & Snell, M.E. (1988). Beyond CAI: Computers, language, and persons with mental retardation. Topics in Language Disorders, 8(4), 55-76.
10.
Conners, F.A. (1992). Reading instruction for students with moderate mental retardation: Review and analysis of research. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 96, 577-597.
11.
Doyle, P.M., Wolery, M., Ault, M.J., & Gast, D.L. (1988). System of least prompts: A literature review of procedural parameters. Journal of the Association for the Severely Handicapped, 13, 28-40.
12.
Falvey, M.A. (1989). Community-based curriculum. Baltimore: Brookes.
13.
Ferguson, F., & McDonnell, J. (1991). A comparison of serial and concurrent sequencing strategies in teaching generalized grocery item location to students with moderate handicaps. Education and Training in Mental Retardation , 19, 292-304.
14.
Gaule, K., Nietupski, J., & Certo, N. (1985). Teaching supermarket shopping skills using an adaptive shopping list. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 20, 53-59.
15.
Goforth, D. (1992). Visualization and computer assisted learning: The role of videodiscs. British Journal of Educational Technology , 23, 21-27.
16.
Haring, T.G., Breen, C.G., Weiner, J., Kennedy, C.H., & Bednersh, F. (1995). Using videotape modeling to facilitate generalized purchasing skills. Journal of BehavioralEducation, 5, 29-53.
17.
Haring, T.G., Kennedy, C.H., Adams, M.J., & Pitts-Conway, V. (1987). Teaching generalization of purchasing skills across community settings to autistic youth using videotape modeling. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 20, 89-96.
18.
Helsel, S. (1988). Interactive videodisc and special education. Optical Information Systems, 8, 190-196.
19.
Horner, R.H., & Albin, R.W. (1988). Research on general-case procedures for learners with severe disabilities. Education and Treatment of Children , 11, 375-388.
20.
Horner, R.H., Albin, R.W., & Ralph, G. (1986). Generalization with precision: The role of negative teaching examples in the instruction of generalized grocery item selection . Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps , 4, 300-308.
Lalli, J.S., & Browder, D.M. (1993). Comparison of sight word training procedures with validation of the most practical procedure in teaching reading for daily living . Research in Developmental Disabilities, 14, 107-127.
23.
Malouf, D.B., MacArthur, C.A., & Radin, S. (1986). Using interactive videotape-based instruction to teach on-the-job social skills to handicapped adolescents. Journal of Computer-Based Instruction, 13, 103-133.
24.
McDonnell, J. (1987). The effects of time delay and increasing prompt hierarchy strategies on the acquisition of purchasing skills by students with severe handicaps. Journal of the Association for the Severely Handicapped, 12, 227-236.
25.
McDonnell, J.J., & Horner, R.H. (1985). Effects of in vivo versus simulation-plus-in vivo training on the acquisition and generalization of grocery item selection by high school students with severe handicaps. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 5, 323-343.
26.
McDonnell, J.J., & Laughlin, B. (1989). A comparison of backward and concurrent chaining strategies in teaching community skills. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 24, 230-238.
27.
Morgan, R.L., & Salzberg, C.L. (1992). Effects of video-assisted training on employment-related social skills of adults with severe mental retardation. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 25, 365-383.
28.
Morse, T.E., Schuster, J.W., & Sandknop, P.A. (1996). Grocery shopping skills for persons with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities: A review of the literature. Education and Treatment of Children, 19, 487-517.
29.
Nietupski, J., Clancy, P., Wehrmacher, L., & Parmer, C. (1985). Effects of minimal versus lengthy delay between simulated and in vivo instruction on community performance. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 20, 190-195.
30.
Nietupski, J., Welch, J., & Wacker, D. (1983). Acquisition, maintenance, and transfer of grocery item purchasing skills by moderately and severely handicapped students. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 18, 279-286.
31.
Payne, E., & Antonow, J. (1982). Development and applications of user produced interactive videotape instructional materials. Journal of Special Education Technology, 5, 33-36.
32.
Rieth, H., Bahr, C., Okolo, C., Polsgrove, L., & Eckert, R. (1988). An analysis of the impact of microcomputers on the secondary special education classroom ecology. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 4, 425-441.
33.
Roger Wagner Publishing, Inc. (1997). Hyperstudio 3.1 [Computer software]. El Cajon, CA: Author.
34.
Sandknop, P.A., Schuster, J.W., Wolery, M., & Cross, D.P. (1992). The use of an adaptive device to teach students with moderate mental retardation to select lower priced grocery items. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 27, 219-229.
35.
Sarber, R.E., Halasz, M.M., Messmer, M.C., Bickett, A.D., & Lutzker, J.R. (1983). Teaching menu planning and grocery shopping skills to a mentally retarded mother. Mental Retardation, 21, 101-106.
36.
Schmidt, M., Weinstein, T., Niemic, R., & Walberg, H. (1985-1986). Computer-assisted instruction with exceptional children. The Journal of Special Education , 19, 493-501.
37.
Smith, T.M., & Andrews, K.G. (1985). Computer-assisted video instruction: Promises and pitfalls. Computers in the Schools, 2, 65-74.
38.
Snell, M.E. (1993). Instruction of students with severe disabilities . New York: Macmillan.
39.
Tawney, J.W., & Gast, D.L. (1984). Single subject research in special education. Columbus, OH: Merrill.
40.
Watkins, L.T., Sprafkin, J.N., & Krolikowski, D.M. (1990). Effects of video based training on spoken and signed language acquisition by students with mental retardation. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 11, 273-288.
41.
Wheeler, J., Ford, A., Nietupski, J., Loomis, R., & Brown, L. (1980). Teaching moderately and severely handicapped adolescents to shop in supermarkets using pocket calculators. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded,15, 105-112.
42.
Wilson, P.G., Cuvo, A.J., & Davis, P.K. (1986). Training a functional skill cluster: Nutritious meal planning within a budget, grocery list writing, and shopping. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 6, 179-201.
43.
Wissick, C.A., Lloyd, J.W., & Kinzie, M.B. (1992). The effects of community training using a videodisc-based simulation. Journal of Special Education Technology, 11, 207-222.
