In this article, the author examines consumer socialization, parental age expectations, and overall patterns of parent–child interactions in a cross-national context. Socialization is defined by a patient, maturational approach to parenting in Japan and by a greater emphasis on autonomy in the United States. Japanese mothers have late consumer-related developmental timetables and maintain greater control over their children's consumption than do American mothers, who encourage and expect the earlier development of independent consumption.
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