Buyers and sellers read descriptions of a product failure and were asked to explain why it occurred. When sellers explained failures of products they themselves offered, they tended to find fault with the product itself less often than did consumers. Discrepancies in buyer-seller attributions were related to estimates of how commonly the product fails, suggesting that consensus information may be one source of buyer-seller differences.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AndersonC. A., LepperMark, and RossLee (1980), “Perseverance of Social Theories: The Role of Explanation in the Persistence of Discredited Information,”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39 (December), 1037–1049.
2.
BagozziRichard P. (1978), “Marketing as Exchange: A Theory of Transactions in the Marketplace,”American Behavioral Scientist, 21 (March/April), 535–556.
3.
BestArthur, and AndreasenAlan (1977), “Consumer Response to Unsatisfactory Purchases: A Survey of Perceiving Defects, Voicing Complaints, and Obtaining Redress,”Law and Society Review, 11 (no. 3), 701–742.
4.
BettmanJames R. (1979), An Information Processing Theory of Consumer Choice, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
5.
BrewerMarilyn B. (1977), “An Information Processing Approach to Attribution of Responsibility,”Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 13 (September), 58–69.
6.
BurgerJerry M. (1981), “Motivational Biases in the Attribution of Responsibility for an Accident: A Meta-Analysis of the Defensive Attribution Hypothesis,”Psychological Bulletin, 90 (no. 3), 496–512.
7.
Consumerism in the Eighties (1983), Los Angeles, CA: Atlantic Richfield Company Study No. 822047.
8.
DayRalph (1980), “Research Perspectives on Consumer Complaining Behavior,” in Theoretical Developments in Marketing, LambC. W., and DunneP. M., eds., Chicago: American Marketing, 211–215.
9.
DayRalph (1980), Klaus Grabicke, Thomas Schaetzle, and Fritz Staubach (1981), “The Hidden Agenda of Consumer Complaining,”Journal of Retailing, 57 (Fall), 86–106.
10.
DornoffRonald J., and Robert DwyerF. (1981), “Perceptual Differences in Marketing Transactions Revisited: A Waning Source of Consumer Frustrations,”Journal of Consumer Affairs, 15 (Summer), 146–155.
11.
FolkesValerie (1984a), “An Attributional Approach to Post-Purchase Conflict,”Advances in Consumer Research, 11, 500–503.
12.
FolkesValerie (1984b), “Consumer Reaction to Product Failure: An Attributional Approach,”Journal of Consumer Research, 10 (March), 398–409.
13.
GillyMary, and GelbBetsy (1982), “Post-Purchase Consumer Processes and the Complaining Consumer,”Journal of Consumer Research, 9 (December), 323–328.
14.
HewstoneMiles, and WardColleen (1985), “Ethnocentrism and Causal Attribution in Southeast Asia,”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48 (March), 614–623.
15.
KelleyHarold H. (1967), “Attribution Theory in Social Psychology,”Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 15, 192–238.
16.
KelleyHarold H. (1983), “The Situational Origins of Human Tendencies,”Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9 (March), 8–30.
17.
NisbettRichard F., BorgidaEugene, CrandallR., and ReedH. (1976), “Popular Induction: Information Is Not Always Informative,” in Cognition and Social Behavior, CarrollJohn, and PayneJ., eds., Potomac, MD: Erlbaum.
18.
OrvisBruce, CunninghamJohn, and KelleyHarold (1975), “A Closer Examination of Causal Inference: The Roles of Consensus, Distinctiveness, and Consistency Information,”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32 (April), 605–616.
19.
ResnikAlan, GnaukBrian, and AldrichRodney (1977), “Corporate Responsiveness to Consumer Complaints,” in Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction, and Complaining Behavior, RalphL. Day, ed., Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 148–152.
20.
ResnikAlan, and HarmonRobert R. (1983), “Consumer Complaints and Managerial Response: A Holistic Approach,”Journal of Marketing, 47 (Winter), 86–97.
21.
RichinsMarsha (1979), “Consumer Perceptions of Costs and Benefits Associated with Complaining,” in Refining Concepts and Measures of Consumer Satisfaction and Complaining Behavior, Keith HuntH., and DayRalph L., eds., Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
22.
RubleDiane, and FeldmanNina (1976), “Order of Consensus, Distinctiveness, and Consistency Information and Causal Attributions,”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34 (November), 930–937.
23.
ShaverKelly G. (1970), “Defensive Attribution: Effects of Severity and Relevance on the Responsibility Assigned for an Accident,”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 14 (January), 101–113.
24.
SnyderMark, and SwanWilliam (1978), “Hypothesis-Testing Processes in Social Interaction,”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36 (November), 1202–1212.
25.
TverskyAmos, and KahnemanDaniel (1973), “Availability: A Heuristic for Judging Frequency and Probability,”Cognitive Psychology, 5, 207–232.
26.
WeinerBernard (1980), Human Motivation, New York: Holt.
27.
WortmanCamille (1983), “Coping with Victimization: Conclusions and Implications for Future Research,”Journal of Social Issues, 39 (no. 2), 195–221.