The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is currently undergoing revision that will lead to a fifth edition (DSM-5) in 2013. This article first provides a brief synopsis of the DSM-5 administrative structure, procedures, and guiding principles to enhance understanding of how changes are made in the DSM. The next two sections (on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and learning disorders, respectively) highlight the major concerns and controversies surrounding the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for these two disorders and provide a rationale for the proposed changes to the criteria, along with a commentary on the empirical evidence on which the proposed changes were based.
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