Australian Union Density Rates 1976-1982

Abstract

One of the many distinguishing features of Australian industrial relations is a relatively high rate of union penetration, or union density. Few industries lack union presence, and the reasons for this have been widely discussed over the years. This article outlines some of the ntajor industrial relations consequences of these relatively high density rates, and then, using a comparison of the 1976 and 1982 Australian Bureau of Statistics trade union census data, discusses why Australian trade union density rates have fallen over that period, and the implications of this decline. In brief, this is seen as resulting from changes in a number of relevant environmental variables, some of which may be seen as short-term aberrations. Others would appear, however, to result from significant structural changes in the Australian economy and society and hence have considerable policy implications. The manner in which the ABS data has been assembled makes it possible to evaluate the effects of these changes on levels of both male and female unionization, and on union penetration in different states, occupations and industries.