Some Problems in the of Unemployment

Quarterly Survey unemployment rates are those given in Section III, Employment and Unemployment, Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Canberra, published monthly. Rates for persons registered for employment and persons receiving unemployment benefits are derived by dividing the numerical totals in Section IV, Employment and Unemployment, by the known or assumed size of the national workforce. The size of the 1961 workforce and the 1961 Census unemployment rate are from Table 4, p. 292, Volume VIII—Australia, Statistician's Report, Census of the Commonwealth of Australia, June 30, 1961. Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Canberra, 1967. The size of the 1966 Work Force and 1966 Census Unemployment rates are calculated from Census Bulletin 9.7, Population: By marital status, age and occupational status—Australia, Census of the Commonwealth of Australia, 30 June 1966, Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Canberra, 1968.

For the text of these recommendations see: International Labour Office, The International Standardization of Labour Statistics Studies and Reports New Series Number 53 (Geneva: International Labour Office, 1959), pp. 44-45.

Discussions with Bureau of Census and Statistics Officials, Canberra, August, 1968.

See Joseph C. Ullman and David P. Taylor , The Information System in Changing Labour Markets, Proceedings of the 18th Annual Meeting of the Industrial Relations Research Association (Madison: The Industrial Relations Research Association, 1966), p. 283;

National Bureau of Economic Research, Aspects of Labour Economics ( Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 1962), p. 136; or

E. Wight Bakke , Labour Mobility and Economic Opportunity (Boston , The Technology Press of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1954), p. 73.

Discussions with Bureau of Census and Statistics Officials , Canberra, August, 1968.

Data in this table is from Section III of November issues of Employment and Unemployment.

Discussions with Bureau of Census and Statistics Officials Canberra, June, 1964, and August, 1968.

See Clarence D. Long , The Labour Force Under Changing Income and Employment (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1958), Appendices E and F, for a summary of practices in various countries.

Robert H. Ferguson , Unemployment; Its Scope, Measurement and Effect on Poverty, New York State School of Industrial and Labour Relations Pamphlet (Ithaca, N.Y., Cornell University Press, 1965), p. 29.

International Labour Office , 1964 Yearbook of Labour Statistics ( Geneva: International Labour Office, 1966), pp. 10-11.

Rates calculated by Professor W.D. Borrie from unpublished Census results and published in Report of the Committee of Economic Inquiry (Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 1965, Volume 11), p. C123.

1961 age distributions for Wollongong and Sydney are calculated from data given in Volume 1, New South Wales, Part 1—Analysis of Population in Local Government Areas and in Non-Municipal Towns of 1,000 Persons or More, 1961 Census of Population, pp. 4-8. 1961 age distribution for Australia is calculated from data given in Statistician's Report, Census of 1961, p. 279. Australian age distribution for 1966 is calculated from data given in Census Bulletin No. 9.7, Census of 1966. Wollongong's 1966 age distribution is calculated from unpublished results of the Census of 1966.

See the wage bill and employment statistics given in New South Wales, Factories in Statistical Divisions, 1966-67, Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Sydney, 1968 .

See John C. Steinke , Proposed Illawarra Wholesale Markets (Wollongong: Illawarra Regional Development Committee, 1967), mimeographed, pp. 9-16, for a comparison of prices of fresh fruits and vegetables in Sydney, Wollongong and Newcastle. See Steinke, Economic Activity in Illawarra—A Summary Report (Wollongong: Illawarra Regional Development Committee, 1966), mimeographed, p. 48, for a comparison of cost of rental housing in Wollongong and Sydney.

Statistician's Report, Census of 1961, p. 315.

The proportion of Australian females born overseas is calculated from data in Census Bulletin 9.1, Summary of Population, Australia, Census of 1966, p. 11. The proportion for Wollongong is calculated from unpublished data from the 1966 Census.

. Wollongong 1961 workforce participation rates are calculated from data in Analysis of Population in Local Government Areas, Census of 1961, p. 115. Wollongong 1966 rates are calculated from unpublished results of the Census of 1966. Rates in the six capitals are from Employment and Unemployment. Australian 1961 rates are from the Statistician's Report, pp. 307-308. Australian 1966 rates are from Census Bulletin No. 9.7, Census of 1966.

1961 Census unemployment rates are calculated from data in New South Wales, Analysis of Population in Local Government Areas, Census of 1961, p. 115.

1966 Census rates are from unpublished 1966 Census results. Numbers of persons registered for employment were obtained in discussions with Commonwealth Employment Service Officials, Wollongong and Sydney, August, 1968. These figures were divided by the number of persons, in the workforce, as shown by the census, or estimated for 1964, to obtain the unemployment rates.

See John C. Steinke , Employment and Unemployment in Illawarra (Wollongong : Illawarra Regional Development Committee, 1965), mimeographed, for details of the survey organization, results and statistical tests of the stability and reliability of the survey sample.

Conjugal condition of Wollongong females in 1961 was calculated from data in New South Wales, Analysis of Population in Local Government Areas, Census of 1961, p. 9.

Place of birth of Wollongong females calculated from Ibid ., pp. 28-29.