In this article, I respond to Carl Ginsburg's (this issue) objections to my critique of Rogers and Maslow and to my view of the self (Geller, 1982). In addition, I explore a key issue having to do with the foundations of self-actualization theory in general, namely the justification of the end upon which self-actualization is based. I argue that such a justification is impossible or at least unlikely and that there is no compelling reason to accept any version of self-actualization.
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