Advances and Redirections in Understanding Effects of Fetal Drug Exposure

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Breslau N. Kilbey M. Andreski P. 1993 Nicotine dependence and major depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 50:31–35.

Brook J.S. Cohen P. Brook D.W. 1998 Longitudinal and co-occurring psychiatric disorders and substance us. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 37:332–330.

Brown J.V. Bakeman R. Coles C. Sexson W.R. Demi A.S. 1998 Maternal drug use during pregnancy: Are preterm and full-term infants affected differently? Developmental Psychology 34:540–554.

Chasnoff I. Griffith D. MacGregor S. Dirkes K. Burns K.A. 1989 Temporal patterns of cocaine use in pregnancy: Perinatal outcome. JAMA 261:1741–1744.

Chiriboga C. Brust J. Bateman D. Hauser W.A. 1999 Dose-response effect of fetal cocaine exposure on newborn neurologic function. Pediatrics 103:79–85.

Church M. W. Holmes P. Overbeck G. Tilak J. Zajac C. 1991 Interaction effects of prenatal alcohol and cocaine exposure on postnatal mortality, development, and behavior in the Long-Evans rat. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 13:377–386.

Coles C.D. Platzman K.A. Smith I. James M.E. Falek A. 1992 Effects of cocaine and alcohol use in pregnancy on neonatal growth and neurobehavioral status. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 14:23–33.

Delaney-Black V. Covington C. Ostrea E. Romero A. Baker D. Tagle M.T. Nordstrom-Klee B. Silvestre M.A. Angelilli M.H. Hack C. Long J. 1996 Prenatal cocaine and neonatal outcome: Evaluation of dose-response relationship. Pediatrics 98:735–740.

Eyler F.D. Behnke M. Conlon M. Woods N.S. Wobie K. 1998 Birth outcomes from a prospective, matched study of prenatal crack/cocaine use: II. Interactive and dose effects on neurobehavioral assessment. Pediatrics 101:237–241.

Field T. 1995 Infants of depressed mothers. Infant Behavior and Development 18:1–13.

Forman R. Schneiderman J. Klein J. Graham K. Greenwald M. Koren G , 1992 Accumulation of cocaine in maternal and fetal hair: The dose-response curve. Life Sciences 50:1333–1341.

Francis D. Fletcher J. Stuebing K. Davidson K. Thompson N. 1991 Analysis of change in modeling individual growth. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 59:27–37.

Gawin F.H. 1991 Cocaine addition: Psychology and neurophysiology. Science 251:1580–1586.

Grant T. Brown Z. Callahan C. Barr H. Streissguth A.P. 1994 Cocaine exposure during pregnancy: Improving assessment with radioimmunoassay of maternal hair. Obstetrics and Gynecology 83:524–531.

Griffin M.L. Weiss R.S. Mirin S.M. Lange U. 1989 A comparison of male and female cocaine abusers. Archives of General Psychiatry 46:122–126.

Hurt H. Brodsky N.L. Betancourt L. Braitman L.E. Malmud E. Giannetta J. 1995 Cocaine-exposed children: Follow-up through 30 months. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 16:29–35.

Jacobson S. W. Jacobson J.L. Sokol R.J. Martier S.S. Chiodo L.M. 1996 New evidence of neurobehavioral effects of in utero cocaine exposure. The Journal of Pediatrics 129:581–588.

Jacobson J. Jacobson S. 1999 Assessing neurotoxicity in children. In Tilson H.A. Harry G.J. , eds., Nervous System Toxicology, third edition. Taylor and Francis: Bristol, PN.

Kandel D. Warner L. Kessler R. 1998 The epidemiology of substance use and dependence among women. In Westherington C. Roman A. , eds., Drug Addiction Research and the Health of Women, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Drug Abuse: Rockville, MD.

Kessler R.C. Nelson C.B. McGonagle K.A. Edlund M.J. Frank K.G. Leaf P.J. 1996 The epidemiology of co-occurring mental disorders and substance use disorders in the National Co-Morbidity Survey. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 66:17–31.

Kleinman P.H. Miller A.B. Millman R.B. Woody G.E. Todd T. Kamp J. Lipton D.S. 1990 Psychopathology among cocaine abusers entering treatment. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 178:442–447.

Lewis D. Moore C. Leikin J. 1994 Cocaethylene in meconium specimens. Clinical Toxicology 32:697–703.

Merikangas K.R. Risch N.J. Weissman M.M. 1994 Co-morbidity and co-transmission of alcoholism, anxiety, and depression. Psychological Medicine 24:69–80.

Minnes S. Singer L. Farkas K. 1998 Neuropsychological functioning, psychological distress, and maternal infant interaction in cocaine using women. Infant Behavior and Development 21:579 (Abstract).

Mirochnick M. Frank D.A. Cabral H. Turner A. Zuckerman B. 1995 Relation between meconium concentration of the cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine and fetal growth. Journal of Pediatrics 126:636–638.

Ostrea E. M. Brady M.J. Parks P.M. Asensio D.C. Naluz A. 1989 Drug screening of meconium in infants of drug dependent mothers. Journal of Pediatrics 115:474–477.

Peindl K.S. Wisner K.L. Hanosa B.H. 1998 Alcohol dependency and affective illness among women of child bearing. Archives of Women's Mental Health 1:117–123.

Richardson G.A. Hamel S.C. Goldschmidt L. Day N.L. 1996 The effects of prenatal cocaine use on neonatal neurobehavioral status. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 18:519–528.

Singer L.T. 1997 Methodological considerations in longitudinal studies of infant risk. In Dobbing J. , ed., Developing Brain and Behaviour: The Role of Lipids in Infant Formula, Academic Press: New York, 209–251.

Singer L.T. Arendt R.A. Fagan J.F. Minnes S. Salvator A. Bolek T. Becker M. 1999 Neonatal visual information processing in cocaine-exposed and non-exposed infants. Infant Behavior and Development 22:1–15.

Singer L. Arendt R. Farkas K. Minnes S. Huang J. Yamashita T. 1997 Relationship of prenatal cocaine exposure and maternal postpartum psychological distress to child developmental outcome. Development and Psychopathology 9:473–489.

Singer L. T. Arendt R. Song L. Warshawsky E. Kliegman R. 1994 Direct and indirect interactions of cocaine with childbirth outcomes. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 148:959–964.

Singer L.T. Farkas K. Arendt R. Minnes S. Yamashita T. Kliegman R. 1995 Postpartum psychological distress in cocaine using mothers. Journal of Substance Abuse 7:165–174.

Singer L.T. Arendt R. Minnes S. Farkas J. Collin M. Yamashita T. 1997 Fetal cocaine exposure and birth outcomes: Biologic and self-report measures. Abstracts of the Fifty Ninth Annual Scientific Meeting, College on Problems of Drug Dependence 59:153.

Stern M. Hilderbrandt K.A. 1986 Prematurity stereotyping: Effects on mother-child interaction. Child Development 57:308–315.

Strano-Rossi S. 1999 Methods used to detect drug abuse in pregnancy: A brief review. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 53:257–71.

Tronick E.Z. Frank D. Cabral H. Mirochnick M. Zuckerman B. 1996 Late dose response effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on newborn neurobehavioral performance. Pediatrics 98:76–83.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1993 Pregnancy and exposure to drugs. Public Health Service, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention Technical Report.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1996 Drug use among racial/ethnic minorities. National Institutes of Health, Division of Epidemiology and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Weiss R.D. Griffin M.L. Murin S.M. 1989 Diagnosing major depression in cocaine abusers. Psychiatry Research 28:335–343.

Whiffen V.E. Gottlieb I.M. 1989 Infants of postpartum depressed mothers: Temperament and cognitive status. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 98:274–279.

Wilcox R. 1998 How many discoveries have been lost by ignoring modern statistical methods? American Psychologist 53:300–314.

Wood T. Plessinger M. Clark K. 1987 Effects of cocaine on uterine blood flow and fetal oxygenation. Journal of the American Medical Association 257:957–961.

Woods N.S. Eyler F. Behnke M. Conlon M. 1993 Cocaine use during pregnancy: Maternal depressive symptoms and infant neurobehavior during the first month of life. Infant Behavior and Development 16:83–98.

Zuckerman B. Als H. Bauchner H. Parker S. Cabral H. 1990 Maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy, and newborn irritability. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 11:190–194.

Zuckerman B. Frank D.A. Hingson R. Amaro H. Levenson S. Kayne H. Parker S. Vinci R. Aboagye K. Fried L. Cabral H. Tompieri R. Bauchner S. 1989 Effects of maternal marijuana and cocaine use on fetal growth. New England Journal of Medicine 320:762–768.