The uses of vitamin and mineral supplements by athletes and their effects are examined. Deficiencies of thiamin, vitamin C, sodium and iron affect performance especially in endurance activities. Vitamin supplements do not improve performance when the diet is adequate. Megavitamin doses of. niacin may decrease performance in endurance events. Athletes who train for many hours each day during hot weather may have a greater requirement for sodium, potassium, magnesium, arid iron. Some of the fat soluble vitamins and trace minerals are toxic when taken in large quantities. Vitamin and mineral supplements containing these substances should be used with caution.
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