The Significance of School-based Programs,School-based Activities,and Community-Based Activities Against Marijuana Use Among Adolescents

Abstract

Background: Marijuana use among adolescents is concerning in the United States, meanwhile, the effectiveness of school-based programs is inconclusive. This study examines the impact of school-based programs, school-based activities, and community-based activities on marijuana use among adolescents. Methods: A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted, using a sample of 16,509 adolescents (age = 12 to 17, male = 51.3%, White = 60.1%, Hispanic = 21.4%, African American = 14.7%, and Asian American = 3.9%) from the 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Results: Results of the main effects revealed that school-based programs, school-based activities, and community-based activities were deterrent factors against marijuana use among adolescents. Adolescents are less likely to use marijuana if they participate in school-based programs, school-based activities, and community-based activities. Conclusion: The findings of this study have implications for schools and those making educational policy.

Keywords

marijuana use school-based program community-based activities adolescents

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Adachi-Mejia

A. M.

Gibson Chambers

J. J.

Sargent

J. D.

(2014). The relative roles of types of extracurricular activity on smoking and drinking initiation among tweens. Academic Pediatrics, 14(3), 271–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2014.02.002

Bedendo

Andrade

A.L.

Noto

(2015). Sports and substance use in high school students: Different perspectives of this relationship. SMAD, Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool Drog, 11(2), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1806-6976.v11i2p85-96

Botvin

G. J.

Griffin

K. W.

(2007). School-based programmes to prevent alcohol, tobacco and other drug use. International Review of Psychiatry (Abingdon, England), 19(6), 607–615. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540260701797753

Branstetter

S. A.

Low

Furman

(2011). The influence of parents and friends on adolescent substance use: A multidimensional approach. Journal of Substance Use, 16(2), 150–160. https://doi.org/10.3109/14659891.2010.519421

DePadilla

Miller

G. F.

Jones

S. E.

Breiding

M. J.

(2020). Substance use and sports- or physical activity-related concussions among high school students. The Journal of School Nursing, 105984052097731. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840520977319

Faggiano

Vigna-Taglianti

F. D.

Versino

Zambon

Borraccino

Lemma

(2008). School-based prevention for illicit drugs use: A systematic review. Preventive Medicine, 46(5), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.11.012

Foxcroft

D. R.

Tsertsvadze

(2011). Universal school-based prevention programs for alcohol misuse in young people. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (5), CD009113. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009113

Goncy

E. A.

van Dulmen

M. H. M.

(2010). Fathers do make a difference: Parental involvement and adolescent alcohol use. Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice about Men as Fathers, 8(1), 93–108. https://doi.org/10.3149/fth.0801.93

Griffin

K. W.

Botvin

G. J.

(2010). Evidence-based interventions for preventing substance use disorders in adolescents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 19(3), 505–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2010.03.005

10.

Hays

S. P.

Hays

C. E.

Mulhall

P. F.

(2003). Community risk and protective factors and adolescent substance use. The Journal of Primary Prevention 24, 125–142. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025940311556

11.

Leachman

Masterson

Figueroa

(2017). A punishing decade for school funding, Retrieved from https://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/a-punishing-decade-for-school-funding.

12.

Mason

M. J.

Mennis

Linker

Bares

Zaharakis

(2014). Peer attitudes effects on adolescent substance use: The moderating role of race and gender. Prevention Science: The Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research, 15(1), 56–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-012-0353-7

13.

Moore

G.F.

Rothwell

Segrott

(2010). An exploratory study of the relationship between parental attitudes and behaviour and young people’s consumption of alcohol. Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention Policy, 5, 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-5-6

14.

Moreira

Lemos Vóvio

Micheli

D. D.

. (2015). Drug abuse prevention in school: Challenges and possibilities for the role of the educator. Educação e Pesquisa, 41(1), 119–135. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-97022015011670

15.

Mrug

McCay

(2013). Parental and peer disapproval of alcohol use and its relationship to adolescent drinking: age, gender, and racial differences. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 27(3), 604–614. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031064

16.

Nash

S. G.

McQueen

Bray

J. H.

(2005). Pathways to adolescent alcohol use: family environment, peer influence, and parental expectations. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 37(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.06.004

17.

NIDA . (2019). Marijuana drug facts. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/marijuana July 4, 2021.

18.

Norberg

M. M.

Kezelman

Lim-Howe

(2013). Primary prevention of Cannabis use: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Plos One 8(1): e53187. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053187

19.

Onrust

A. S.

Otten

Lammers

Smit

(2016). School-based programs to reduce and prevent substance use in different age groups: What works for whom? Systematic review and meta-regression analysis, Clinical Psychology Review, 44, 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.11.002.

20.

Peretti-Watel

Guagliardo

Verger

Pruvost

Mignon

Obadia

(2003). Sporting activity and drug use: Alcohol, cigarette and cannabis use among elite student athletes. Addiction, 98(9), 1249–1256. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00490.x

21.

Pilgrim

C. C.

Schulenberg

J. E.

O’Malley

P. M.

Bachman

J. G.

Johnston

L. D.

(2006). Mediators and moderators of parental involvement on substance use: A national study of adolescents. Prevention Science: The Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research, 7(1), 75–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-005-0019-9

22.

Stigler

M. H.

Neusel

Perry

C. L.

(2011). School-based programs to prevent and reduce alcohol use among youth. Alcohol Research & Health: The Journal of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 34(2), 157–162.

23.

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration . (2013). Results from the 2013 National Survey on drug Use and health: Summary of National findings, NSDUH series H-44, HHS Publication No. (SMA) 12-4713. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

24.

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine . (2017). Health effects of marijuana and cannabis-derived products presented in new report. Retrieved from https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2017/01/health-effects-of-marijuana-and-cannabis-derived-products-presented-in-new-report January 13, 2020.

25.

Tobler

N. S.

Lessard

Marshall

Ochshorn

Roona

(1999). Effectiveness of school-based drug prevention programs for marijuana use. School Psychology International, 20(1), 105–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034399201008

26.

Trucco

E. M.

Colder

C. R.

Bowker

J. C.

Wieczorek

W. F.

(2011). Interpersonal goals and susceptibility to peer influence: Risk factors for intentions to initiate substance use during early adolescence. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 31(4), 526–547. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431610366252

27.

VanderWaal

C. J.

Powell

L. M.

Terry-McElrath

Y. M.

Bao

Flay

B. R.

(2005). Community and school drug prevention strategy prevalence: differential effects by setting and substance. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 26(4), 299–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-005-5390-6