Regional Lymph Node Metastasis Created by Partial Excision of Carcinomas Induced in Hamster Cheek Pouch with 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-Benzanthracene

Abstract

The feasibility of using the hamster cheek pouchldimethyl-benzanthracene (DMBA) system as an experimental model of lymphatic metastasis was investigated. Forty male Syrian golden hamsters treated with DMBA were divided into two equal groups-one with surgical excision of their tumors and a control group without tumor excision. In the excision group, the animals received three applicationslweek to the left cheek pouch of 0.3% DMBA in acetone for 14 weeks. Following a three-week observation period, the tumors in the pouch were excised at their base, and the animals were killed after four weeks of further observation. In the control group, the animals were treated for 14 weeks in a manner similar to that used for the excision group, left for seven weeks without treatment, and then killed. Cheek pouches with tumors and cervical lymph nodes were processed for histological examination. All of the animals, both with and without metastasis, had borne squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) in their treated cheek pouches. Histologically, seven out of 16 animals in the excision group showed metastatic deposits of SCC confined to the left cervical lymph nodes, while in the control group, metastasis was not found in any of the 19 animals with SCC in their cheek pouches. The results demonstrate that surgical excision of the hamster cheek pouch carcinoma is efficient in producing unequivocal lymph node metastasis.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Carter, R.L. (1984): Some Aspects of the Pathology of Invasive Tumors . In: Invasion: Experimental and Clinical Implications, M.M. Mareel and K.C. Calman , Eds., Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 165-204.

Craig, G.T. (1980): Metastases from DMBA-induced Carcinomas in Hamster Cheek Pouch. In: Metastasis: Clinical and Experimental Aspects , K. Hellman , P. Hilgard , and S. Eccles , Eds., The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, pp. 50-54.

Eveson, J.W. (1981): Animal Models of Intra-oral Chemical Carcinogenesis , J Oral Pathol 10:129-146.

Foulds, L. (1964): Tumor Progression and Neoplastic Development. In: Cellular Control Mechanisms and Cancer, P. Emmelot and O. Muhlbock , Eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 242-258.

Gershon, R.K. ; Carter, R.L. ; and Kondo, K. (1967): Immunologic Defenses against Metastases, Impairment by Excision of an Allotransplanted Lymphoma, Science 159:646-647.

Giunta, J.L. and Shklar, G. (1971): The Effect of Antilymphocyte Serum on Experimental Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis, Oral Surg 31:344-353.

Homburger, F. (1972): Chemical Carcinogenesis in Syrian Hamsters. In: Progress in Experimental Tumor Research: Pathology of Syrian Hamster , F. Homburger , Ed., Basel: Karger, pp. 152-175.

Kolas, S. (1955): Investigation of Normal Human Saliva for Possible Anticarcinogenic Action and Chemical Carcinogenesis in Mucous Membranes, Oral Surg 8:1192-1203.

Levy, B.M. (1963): Experimental Oral Carcinogenesis, J Dent Res 42:321-327.

10.

Ludwig, J. and Titus, J.L. (1967): Experimental Tumor Cell Emboli in Lymph Nodes , Arch Pathol 84:304-311.

11.

Marefat, P. and Shklar, G. (1979): Lingual Leukoplakia and Carcinoma. an Experimental Model. In: Progress in Experimental Tumor Research: The Syrian Hamster in Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Research, F. Homburger , Ed., Basel: Karger , pp. 259-268.

12.

Safour, I.M. ; Wood, N.K. ; Tsiklakis, K. ; Doemling D.B. ; and Joseph, G. (1984): Incisional Biopsy and Seeding in Hamster Cheek Pouch Carcinoma, J Dent Res 63:1116-1120.

13.

Salley, J.J. (1954): Experimental Carcinogenesis in the Cheek Pouch of the Syrian Hamster, J Dent Res 33:253-262.

14.

Shklar, G. (1966): Cortisone and Hamster Pouch Carcinogenesis, Cancer Res 26:2461-2463.

15.

Shklar, G. (1968): The Effect of Manipulation and Incision on Experimental Carcinoma of Hamster Buccal Pouch, Cancer Res 28:2180-2181.

16.

Shklar, G. (1972): Experimental Oral Pathology in the Syrian Hamster . In: Progress in Experimental Tumor Research: Pathology of the Syrian Hamster, F. Homburger , Ed., Basel: Karger, pp. 513-538.

17.

Stormby, N.G. and Wallenius, K. (1964): Effect of Reduced Salivation on Oral Tumor Induction in Hamster by 9, 10-Dimethyl-1, 2-Benzanthracene, Odont Rev 15:186-209.

18.

Tsiklakis, K. ; Wood, N.D. ; Toto, P.D. ; and Doemling, D.B. (1986): Hamster Cheek Pouch Carcinoma, Effect of Incision and Cortisone on Growth, Invasion, and Metastasis, J Dent Res 65:927-931.

19.

Van De Velde, C.J.H. ; Van Putten, L.M. ; and Zwaveling, A. (1977): A New Metastasizing Mammary Carcinoma Model, Model Characteristics and Applications, Eur J Cancer 13:555-565.

20.

Zeidman, I. and Buss, J.M. (1954): Experimental Studies on the Spread of Cancer in the Lymphatic System I. Effectiveness of the Lymph Node as a Barrier to the Passage of Embolic Tumor Cells, Cancer Res 14:403-405.