Interleukin-1 Modulates T6 Expression on a Putative Intra-epithelial Langerhans Cell Precursor Population

Abstract

T6 is an antigen which is a highly specific marker for Langerhans cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that Interleukin-1 (IL-1 ) and an IL-1 inhibitor (ILS) modulate T6 expression (T6E) in explant culture. The present study examined the effects of IL-1 and ILS on T6E in dispersed gingival epithelial cell (EC) cultures. EC were obtained by trypsinization of gingival fragments obtained during periodontal surgery. T6E by EC was demonstrated using OKT6 monoclonal antibody in an immuno-peroxidase technique. In both unseparated and T6-depleted EC, IL-1 (0.5 U/mL) stimulated T6E, and this effect was abrogated by ILS (1 :30). ILS alone depressed T6E in unseparated EC cultures. All effects were consistent between four- and 24-hour culture periods, and no treatment affected EC viability, thus excluding cell proliferation or necrosis as a vector for the action of IL-1 and ILS. These results indicate that a population of epithelial cells exists which is induced to express T6 under the influence of IL-1. IL-1 and ILS act in combination to regulate T6E on these precursor cells and on DR(—) Langerhans cells in gingival epithelium.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Balfour, B.M. ; Drexhage, H.A. ; Kamperdijk, E.W.A. ; and Hoefsmit, E.M. (1981): Antigen-presenting Cells, Including Langerhans Cells, Veiled Cells and Interdigitating Cells , Ciba Found Symp 84:281-301.

Charon, J.A. ; Luger, T.A. ; Mergenhagen, S.E. ; and Op-Penheim, J.J. (1982): Increased Thymocyte-activating Factor in Human Gingival Fluid During Inflammation, Infect Immun 38 :1190-1195.

Czernielewski, J. ; Faure, M. ; Schmitt, D. ; and Thivolet, J. (1982): In Vitro Mixed Skin Cell Lymphocyte Culture Reaction (MSLR) in Man: Analysis of the Epidermal Cell and T Cell Subpopulations, Clin Exp Immunol 50:426-433.

Dezutter-Dambuyant, C. ; Faure, M. ; Schmitt, D. ; Laquoi, C. ; and Thivolet, J. (1984): Simultaneous Detection of T6 and HLA-DR Antigens Distinguishes Three Cell Subpopulations in Dispersed Normal Human Epidermal Cells, Immunol Lett 7:203-207.

Duff, G. (1985): Many Roles for Interleukin-1, Nature 313 :352-353.

Harrist, T.J. ; Muhlbauer, J.E. ; Murphy, G.F. ; Mihm, M.C. ; and Bhan, A.K. (1983): T6 is Superior to la (HLA-DR) as a Marker for Langerhans Cells in Normal Epidermis: a Monoclonal Antibody Study, J Invest Dermatol 80:100-103.

Hawley-Nelson, P. ; Sullivan, J.E. ; Kung, M. ; Hen-Nings, H. ; and Yuspa, S.H. (1980): Optimized Conditions for the Growth of Human Epidermal Cells in Culture, J Invest Dermatol 75:176-182.

Liao, Z. ; Grimshaw, R.S. ; and Rosenstreich, D.L. (1984): Identification of a Specific Interleukin-1 Inhibitor in the Urine of Febrile Patients, J Exp Med 159:126-136.

Mannel, D.N. ; Mizel, S.B. ; Diamenstein, T. ; and Falk, W. (1985): Induction of Interleukin-2 Responsiveness in Thymocytes by Synergistic Action of Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-2, J Immunol 134:3108-3110.

10.

Murphy, G.F. (1982): Monoclonal Anti-T6 Antibody and Langerhans Cells , Br J Dermatol 107:487-489.

11.

Murphy, G.F. ; Bhan, A.K. ; Harrist, T.J. ; and Mihm, M.C. (1983): In situ Identification of T6-Positive Cells in Normal Human Dermis by Immunoelectron Microscopy, Br J Dermatol 108:423-431.

12.

Poulter, L.W. and Janossy, G. (1985): The Involvement of Dendritic Cells in Chronic Inflammatory Disease, Scand J Immunol 21:401-407.

13.

Rooney, N. ; Underwood, J.C.E. ; and Slater, D.N. (1985): Langerhans Cells in Lymphoid and Non-lymphoid Tissues, J Pathol 145:94a.

14.

Sauder, D.N. ; Dinarello, C.A. ; and Morhenn, V.B. (1984): Langerhans Cell Production of Interleukin-1, J Invest Dermatol 82:605-607.

15.

Stingl, G. ; Katz, S.I. ; Green, I. ; and Shevach, E.M. (1980): The Functional Role of Langerhans Cells, J Invest Dermatol 74 :315-318.

16.

Thorbecke, G.J. ; Silberberg-Sinakin, I. ; and Flotte, T.J. (1980): Langerhans Cells as Macrophages in Skin and Lymphoid Organs, J Invest Dermatol 75:32-43.

17.

Walsh, L.J. ; Seymour, G.J. ; and Powell, R.N. (1985a): The in vitro Effect of Retinol on Human Gingival Epithelium. II. Modulation of Langerhans Cell Markers and Interleukin-1 Production , J Invest Dermatol 85:501-506.

18.

Walsh, L.J. ; Seymour, G.J. ; and Powell, R.N. (1985b): Gingival Keratinocytes Express HLA-DR Antigens in Chronic Gingivitis, J Oral Pathol 14:315-321.

19.

Walsh, L.J. ; Seymour, G.J. ; and Savage, N.W. (1986a): Oral Mucosal Langerhans Cells Express DR and DQ Antigens, J Dent Res 65:390-393.

20.

Walsh, L.J. ; Seymour, G.J. ; and Powell, R.N. (1986b): Modulation of Gingival Langerhans Cell T6 Antigen Expression in vitro by Interleukin-1 and an IL-1 Inhibitor, Clin Exp Immunol 64:334-341.

21.

Walsh, L.J. ; Seymour, G.J. ; and Powell, R.N. (1986c): Modulation of Class II (DR and DQ) Antigen Expression on Gingival Langerhans Cells in vitro by Gamma Interferon and Prostaglandin E2 , J Oral Pathol (in press).